Medley Eleanor A, Trasande Leonardo, Naidu Mrudula, Wang Yuyan, Ghassabian Akhgar, Kahn Linda G, Long Sara, Afanasyeva Yelena, Liu Mengling, Kannan Kurunthachalam, Mehta-Lee Shilpi S, Cowell Whitney
Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
Am J Epidemiol. 2025 Apr 8;194(4):954-962. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwae265.
Prenatal organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure may be associated with reduced fetal growth, although studies are limited and have mixed results. We investigated associations between prenatal OP pesticide exposure and fetal size and modification by fetal sex. Maternal urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured at 3 time points. Fetal biometrics were obtained from ultrasounds in the second (n = 773) and third (n = 535) trimesters. Associations between pregnancy-averaged ΣDAP and fetal biometry z scores were determined through multiple linear regression. Modification by sex was investigated through stratification and interaction. In the second trimester, one ln-unit increase in ΣDAP was associated with lower estimated fetal weight (-0.15 SD; 95% CI, -0.29 to -0.01), head circumference (-0.11 SD; CI, -0.22 to 0.01), biparietal diameter (-0.14 SD; CI, -0.27 to -0.01), and abdominal circumference (-0.12 SD; CI, -0.26 to 0.01) in females. In the third trimester, one ln-unit increase in ΣDAP was associated with lower head circumference (-0.14 SD; CI, -0.28 to 0.00) and biparietal diameter (-0.12 SD; CI, -0.26 to 0.03) in males. Our results suggest that prenatal OP pesticide exposure is negatively associated with fetal growth in a sex-specific manner, with associations present for females in mid-gestation and males in late gestation. This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology.
产前有机磷农药暴露可能与胎儿生长发育减缓有关，尽管相关研究有限且结果不一。我们调查了产前有机磷农药暴露与胎儿大小之间的关联以及胎儿性别的影响。在3个时间点测量了母体尿液中二烷基磷酸酯（DAP）代谢物的浓度。通过超声检查获得孕中期（n = 773）和孕晚期（n = 535）胎儿的生物测量数据。通过多元线性回归确定孕期平均总DAP与胎儿生物测量Z评分之间的关联。通过分层和交互作用研究性别影响。在孕中期，总DAP每增加1个自然对数单位，与女性胎儿的估计体重降低（-0.15标准差；95%置信区间，-0.29至-0.01）、头围降低（-0.11标准差；置信区间，-0.22至0.01）、双顶径降低（-0.14标准差；置信区间，-0.27至-0.01）和腹围降低（-0.12标准差；置信区间，-0.26至0.01）有关。在孕晚期，总DAP每增加1个自然对数单位，与男性胎儿的头围降低（-0.14标准差；置信区间，-0.28至0.00）和双顶径降低（-0.12标准差；置信区间，-0.26至0.03）有关。我们的结果表明，产前有机磷农药暴露以性别特异性方式与胎儿生长呈负相关，在孕中期对女性胎儿、孕晚期对男性胎儿存在这种关联。本文是环境流行病学专题文集的一部分。
