A hybrid reanalysis-forecast meteorological forcing data for advancing climate adaptation in agriculture.

Climate variability in the growing season is well suited for testing adaptation measures. Adaptation to adverse events, such as heatwaves and droughts, increases the capacity of players in agri-food systems, not only producers but also transporters and food manufacturers, to prepare for production disruptions due to seasonal extremes and climate change. Climate impact models (e.g., crop models) can be used to develop adaptation responses. To run these models, historical records and climate forecasts need to be combined as a single daily time series. We introduce the daily 0.5° global hybrid reanalysis-forecast meteorological forcing dataset from 2010 to 2021. The dataset consists of the Japanese 55-yr Reanalysis (JRA55) and the Japan Meteorological Agency/Meteorological Research Institute Coupled Prediction System version 2 (JMA/MRI-CPS2) 5-member ensemble forecast. Both are bias-corrected using the Delta method and integrated with a baseline climatology derived from the Environmental Research and Technology Development Fund's Strategic Research 14 Meteorological Forcing Dataset (S14FD). The dataset is called JCDS (JRA55-CPS2-Delta-S14FD) and offers a framework for monitoring and forecasting applications towards adaptation.