Lau W Y, Fan S T, Chu K W, Suen H C, Yiu T F, Wong K K
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1985 Nov;28(5):639-42. doi: 10.1128/AAC.28.5.639.
A prospective, randomized, and double-blind study was conducted with 864 patients operated on for appendicitis. In early cases, including normal and acute appendicitis, one dose of antibiotic was given. The rate of postappendectomy septic complications in patients who received cefotaxime, cefoperazone, or moxalactam was very low (about 3%), and there was no statistical difference between the drugs. For late cases, including gangrenous and perforated appendicitis, the antibiotics were continued for 5 days. Moxalactam decreased significantly the septic complications in these patients when compared with the other two drugs. It is safe, free from serious toxic side effects, and more convenient and easier to administer than combination antibiotic therapy. The main disadvantage of moxalactam is its high cost, but this has to be balanced against the savings in nursing time, the cost of monitoring renal function and serum level when aminoglycosides are used, and the reduced usage and manipulation of infusion sets.
对864例接受阑尾炎手术的患者进行了一项前瞻性、随机、双盲研究。在早期病例中，包括正常和急性阑尾炎，给予一剂抗生素。接受头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮或拉氧头孢的患者阑尾切除术后感染并发症发生率非常低（约3%），且这些药物之间无统计学差异。对于晚期病例，包括坏疽性和穿孔性阑尾炎，抗生素持续使用5天。与其他两种药物相比，拉氧头孢显著降低了这些患者的感染并发症。它安全，无严重毒副作用，且比联合抗生素治疗更方便、更易于给药。拉氧头孢的主要缺点是成本高，但这必须与节省的护理时间、使用氨基糖苷类药物时监测肾功能和血清水平的成本以及减少输液器的使用和操作相权衡。
