Cao Jiajun, Yuan Chang, Zhang Yukun, Quan Yue, Chang Peipei, Yang Jing, Song Qingwei, Miao Yanwei
Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Front Neurosci. 2024 Jul 25;18:1438003. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1438003. eCollection 2024.
To investigate the feasibility and performance of 4D flow MRI accelerated by compressed sensing (CS) for the hemodynamic quantification of intracranial artery and venous sinus.
Forty healthy volunteers were prospectively recruited, and 20 volunteers underwent 4D flow MRI of cerebral artery, and the remaining volunteers underwent 4D flow MRI of venous sinus. A series of 4D flow MRI was acquired with different acceleration factors (AFs), including sensitivity encoding (SENSE, AF = 4) and CS (AF = CS4, CS6, CS8, and CS10) at a 3.0 T MRI scanner. The hemodynamic parameters, including flow rate, mean velocity, peak velocity, max axial wall shear stress (WSS), average axial WSS, max circumferential WSS, average circumferential WSS, and 3D WSS, were calculated at the internal carotid artery (ICA), transverse sinus (TS), straight sinus (SS), and superior sagittal sinus (SSS).
Compared to the SENSE4 scan, for the left ICA C2, mean velocity measured by CS8 and CS10 groups, and 3D WSS measured by CS6, CS8, and CS10 groups were underestimated; for the right ICA C2, mean velocity measured by CS10 group, and 3D WSS measured by CS8 and CS10 groups were underestimated; for the right ICA C4, mean velocity measured by CS10 group, and 3D WSS measured by CS8 and CS10 groups were underestimated; and for the right ICA C7, mean velocity and 3D WSS measured by CS8 and CS10 groups, and average axial WSS measured by CS8 group were also underestimated (all < 0.05). For the left TS, max axial WSS and 3D WSS measured by CS10 group were significantly underestimated ( = 0.032 and 0.003). Similarly, for SS, mean velocity, peak velocity, average axial WSS measured by the CS8 and CS10 groups, max axial WSS measured by CS6, CS8, and CS10 groups, and 3D WSS measured by CS10 group were significantly underestimated compared to the SENSE4 scan ( = 0.000-0.021). The hemodynamic parameters measured by CS4 group had only minimal bias and great limits of agreement compared to conventional 4D flow (SENSE4) in the ICA and every venous sinus (the max/min upper limit to low limit of the 95% limits of agreement = 11.4/0.03 to 0.004/-5.7, 14.4/0.05 to -0.03/-9.0, 12.6/0.04 to -0.03/-9.4, 16.8/0.04 to 0.6/-14.1; the max/min bias = 5.0/-1.2, 3.5/-1.4, 4.5/-1.1, 6.6/-4.0 for CS4, CS6, CS8, and CS10, respectively).
CS4 strikes a good balance in 4D flow between flow quantifications and scan time, which could be recommended for routine clinical use.
探讨压缩感知（CS）加速的4D流磁共振成像（MRI）用于颅内动脉和静脉窦血流动力学定量分析的可行性和性能。
前瞻性招募40名健康志愿者，其中20名志愿者接受脑动脉4D流MRI检查，其余志愿者接受静脉窦4D流MRI检查。在3.0T MRI扫描仪上，采用不同加速因子（AFs）采集一系列4D流MRI，包括敏感性编码（SENSE，AF = 4）和CS（AF = CS4、CS6、CS8和CS10）。在内颈动脉（ICA）、横窦（TS）、直窦（SS）和上矢状窦（SSS）处计算血流动力学参数，包括流速、平均速度、峰值速度、最大轴向壁面切应力（WSS）、平均轴向WSS、最大周向WSS、平均周向WSS和三维WSS。
与SENSE4扫描相比，对于左侧ICA C2，CS8和CS10组测量的平均速度以及CS6、CS8和CS10组测量的三维WSS被低估；对于右侧ICA C2，CS10组测量的平均速度以及CS8和CS10组测量的三维WSS被低估；对于右侧ICA C4，CS10组测量的平均速度以及CS8和CS10组测量的三维WSS被低估；对于右侧ICA C段7，CS8和CS10组测量的平均速度和三维WSS以及CS8组测量的平均轴向WSS也被低估（均P < 0.05）。对于左侧TS，CS10组测量的最大轴向WSS和三维WSS显著低估（P = 0.032和0.003）。同样，对于SS，与SENSE4扫描相比，CS8和CS10组测量的平均速度、峰值速度、平均轴向WSS，CS6、CS8和CS10组测量的最大轴向WSS以及CS10组测量的三维WSS显著低估（P = 0.000 - 0.021）。与传统4D流（SENSE4）相比，CS4组测量的血流动力学参数在ICA和各静脉窦中仅有最小偏差且一致性界限范围较大（95%一致性界限的最大/最小上限至下限 = 11.4/0.03至0.004/-5.7、14.4/0.05至 -0.03/-9.0、12.6/0.04至 -0.03/-9.4、16.8/0.04至0.6/-14.1；CS4、CS6、CS8和CS10的最大/最小偏差分别为5.0/-1.2、3.5/-1.4、4.5/-1.1、6.6/-4.0）。
CS4在4D流的血流定量分析和扫描时间之间取得了良好平衡，可推荐用于常规临床应用。
