Judickaitė Augustė, Jankaitytė Emilija, Ramanciuškas Evaldas, Degutytė-Fomins Laima, Naučienė Zita, Kudirka Gediminas, Okumura Takamasa, Koga Kazunori, Shiratani Masaharu, Mildažienė Vida, Žūkienė Rasa
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Universiteto Str. 10, LT-53361 Akademija, Lithuania.
UAB "Baltic Freya", Tulpiu Str. 19, LT-53250 Garliava, Lithuania.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;14(2):271. doi: 10.3390/plants14020271.
This study compared the effects of seed treatment with low-pressure cold plasma (CP) and atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma on morpho-biochemical traits in Bertoni plants cultivated by two methods: in soil and aeroponics. We investigated the impact of the treatments on the germination, plant growth, and content of secondary metabolites, namely steviol glycosides (SGs), rebaudioside A (RebA), and stevioside (Stev), as well as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Seeds were treated for 2, 5, and 7 min with CP or DBD and 5 min with vacuum six days before sowing. All growth parameters in aeroponics exceeded the parameters of seedlings in the corresponding groups cultivated in soil. Seed treatments stimulated SGs biosynthesis in seedlings grown in soil, except for CP7. Although there were no stimulating effects of seed treatments on SGs in aeroponics, overall SG concentrations were considerably higher compared to plants cultivated in soil: the RebA+Stev concentration was 1.8-2-fold higher in the control, V5-, and CP-treated groups, and 1.3-fold higher in the DBD5 and DBD7 groups. Thus, aeroponic cultivation has the potential to improve the growth and synthesis of SGs in stevia, while a combination of aeroponics with seed treatments only increases the content of antioxidants and antioxidant activity.
本研究比较了低压冷等离子体（CP）和常压介质阻挡放电（DBD）等离子体种子处理对两种栽培方式（土壤栽培和气雾栽培）下的甜叶菊植株形态生化特性的影响。我们研究了这些处理对种子萌发、植株生长以及次生代谢产物含量的影响，这些次生代谢产物包括甜菊糖苷（SGs）、莱鲍迪苷A（RebA）和甜菊苷（Stev），以及酚类化合物和黄酮类化合物。播种前六天，种子分别用CP或DBD处理2、5和7分钟，并用真空处理5分钟。气雾栽培中的所有生长参数均超过了相应土壤栽培组幼苗的参数。种子处理刺激了土壤栽培幼苗中SGs的生物合成，但CP7处理除外。虽然种子处理对气雾栽培中的SGs没有刺激作用，但与土壤栽培的植株相比，总体SG浓度要高得多：在对照组、V5组和CP处理组中，RebA+Stev浓度高1.8至2倍，在DBD5组和DBD7组中高1.3倍。因此，气雾栽培有可能改善甜叶菊中SGs的生长和合成，而气雾栽培与种子处理相结合只会增加抗氧化剂的含量和抗氧化活性。
