Asrade Dinkayehu Alamnie, Kulhánek Martin, Balík Jiří, Černý Jindřich, Sedlář Ondřej, Suran Pavel
Department of Agroenvironmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Jul 24;13(15):2037. doi: 10.3390/plants13152037.
A continuous long-term field experiment with maize monoculture was conducted to evaluate the P availability and balance, DM yield, P uptake, and P sorption parameters in chernozem soil after 27 years. A total of 2 doses of nitrogen (120 and 240 kg ha) were applied as mineral nitrogen (N and N) and sewage sludge (SS and SS) and compared with unfertilized control (Con). The aboveground biomass (DM) yields significantly increased in the order of Con < SS < SS < N < N treatments and the maximum P uptake was recorded for both N and SS (25.1 kg P ha) according to the nutrient application gradient. The N and N treatments positively influenced the DM yield but negatively influenced the P balance (-648 and -678 kg P ha 27 years), gradually bringing a risk of P deficiency in the soil. On the other hand, applications of SS and SS positively influenced the P availability and pseudototal (P) content in the soil, which resulted in a buildup of legacy P or an increase in P saturation greater than the environmental threshold value. Aluminum was found to be a major controlling sorption factor for P in our chernozem soil.
进行了一项为期27年的玉米单作长期田间试验，以评估黑钙土中磷的有效性和平衡、干物质产量、磷吸收以及磷吸附参数。共施用了2种剂量的氮（120和240千克/公顷），分别以矿物氮（N和N）和污水污泥（SS和SS）的形式施用，并与未施肥对照（Con）进行比较。地上生物量（干物质）产量按Con < SS < SS < N < N处理的顺序显著增加，根据养分施用梯度，N和SS处理的磷吸收量最高（25.1千克磷/公顷）。N和N处理对干物质产量有积极影响，但对磷平衡有负面影响（27年分别为-648和-678千克磷/公顷），逐渐带来土壤缺磷的风险。另一方面，SS和SS的施用对土壤中磷的有效性和假全磷（P）含量有积极影响，导致遗留磷的积累或磷饱和度的增加超过环境阈值。在我们的黑钙土中，铝被发现是磷吸附的主要控制因素。
