中东北非地区移民精神障碍的患病率及相关风险因素：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Prevalence and risk factors associated with mental disorders among migrants in the MENA region: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Laboratory of Community Health, Preventive Médecine and Hygiene & Laboratory of Biostatistics, Clinical and Epidemiology Resarch, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco; Medical Affairs and Strategy Division, Direction CHU Ibn Sina, Rabat, 10100, Morocco.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2024 Sep;357:117195. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117195. Epub 2024 Aug 8.

DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117195

PMID:39128248

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The MENA region has experienced extraordinary events in recent years, resulting in an influx of refugees and displaced people who are vulnerable to mental disorders. Several previous studies have examined their prevalence, but none have focused on this region. This systematic review provided an estimate of the prevalence of mental illness and associated risk factors in the MENA region, and overcame the methodological limitations of individual studies.

METHODS

Thorough searches of the relevant databases were carried out to locate relevant published articles. Furthermore, cross-sectional studies were conducted to assess mental disorders in refugees, asylum seekers, migrants, or internally displaced people residing in the MENA region. Only studies meeting the aforementioned criteria were considered. For this purpose, RStudio software version 2023.12.0 + 369 with netmeta package was used for measurement and data analysis. JBI used to assess study quality.

RESULTS

The results, including 32 cross-sectional studies with a total of 21659 participants were obtained and discussed. The overall prevalence was 42% (95% CI; 30%, 54%) for depression, 43% (95% CI; 31%, 57%) for anxiety, 22% (95% CI; 11%, 39%) for stress, and 45% (95% CI; 36%, 53%) for PTSD. As a result, it was noted that being female was associated with depression, and being female and unemployed was associated with PTSD, however being married was protective against this later.

CONCLUSION

Compared to the rest of the globe, MENA has a greater rate of mental illness among refugees. Nevertheless, much effort should be devoted on listing causes associated, as well as their management and prevention.

摘要

背景

近年来，中东和北非地区发生了许多重大事件，导致大量难民和流离失所者涌入，他们容易受到精神障碍的影响。之前有几项研究调查了他们的流行率，但都没有关注这个地区。本系统综述提供了中东和北非地区精神疾病及其相关危险因素的流行率估计，并克服了个别研究的方法学局限性。

方法

我们彻底搜索了相关数据库，以找到相关的已发表文章。此外，还进行了横断面研究，以评估居住在中东和北非地区的难民、寻求庇护者、移民或国内流离失所者的精神障碍。只有符合上述标准的研究才被考虑。为此，我们使用了 RStudio 软件版本 2023.12.0 + 369 和 netmeta 包进行测量和数据分析。使用 JBI 评估研究质量。

结果

我们获得并讨论了包括 32 项横断面研究在内的共计 21659 名参与者的结果。总体抑郁流行率为 42%（95% CI；30%，54%），焦虑流行率为 43%（95% CI；31%，57%），压力流行率为 22%（95% CI；11%，39%），创伤后应激障碍流行率为 45%（95% CI；36%，53%）。结果表明，女性与抑郁有关，女性和失业与创伤后应激障碍有关，而已婚则对此有保护作用。