Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Huairou Hospital, No.9, Yongtai North Road, Huairou District, Beijing, 101400, China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 12;24(1):336. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03606-3.
China has the largest population of diabetic patients worldwide. A diverse population and regional discrepancy in access to health care and diabetes management may lead to unique risk factors for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in different regions of China. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of DR in rural patients with type 2 diabetes.
This hospital-based cross-sectional study recruited a sample of 704 type 2 diabetic patients from rural areas referred to Beijing Huairou Hospital, China, from June 1, 2022, to June 1, 2023. The medical history, demographic information, and results of laboratory examinations of patients were collected and analyzed. The diagnosis of DR were performed by experienced ophthalmologists using mydriatic fundus photography.
Out of all patients, 53.8% were male and 46.2% were female. The mean age of patients and duration of diabetes were 54.9 ± 13.0 and 6.2 ± 4.5 years, respectively. The DR prevalence was 16.8%. The independent risk factors for DR in multivariate analysis were diabetes duration > 10 years (OR = 9.16, 95%CI = 5.49-15.30), fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.2 mmol/L (OR = 3.25, 95%CI = 1.42-7.42), glycosylated hemoglobin ≥ 7% (OR = 6.49, 95%CI = 2.59-16.23), hypertension (OR = 1.59, 95%CI = 1.05-2.40), hyperlipidemia (OR = 2.16, 95%CI = 1.30-3.59), diabetic nephropathy (OR = 1.95, 95%CI = 1.17-3.23), high uric acid level (OR = 3.57, 95%CI = 1.56-8.15), high albumin to creatinine ratio (OR = 2.48, 95%CI = 1.06-5.82), and insulin treatment (OR = 1.79, 95%CI = 1.12-2.88).
This study evaluated the DR prevalence and its associated risk factors among type 2 diabetic patients from rural areas in Beijing's Huairou District, China. Paying attention to these risk factors may be useful in screening high-risk diabetic patients for DR and adopting early preventive and therapeutic interventions.
中国拥有全球数量最多的糖尿病患者。由于人口多样化以及医疗保健和糖尿病管理方面的地区差异，中国不同地区的糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）可能存在独特的风险因素。本研究旨在评估农村 2 型糖尿病患者中 DR 的患病率和相关风险因素。
这是一项基于医院的横断面研究，于 2022 年 6 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 1 日期间，从中国北京怀柔医院招募了 704 名农村地区的 2 型糖尿病患者。收集并分析了患者的病史、人口统计学信息和实验室检查结果。DR 的诊断由经验丰富的眼科医生通过散瞳眼底摄影进行。
所有患者中，53.8%为男性，46.2%为女性。患者的平均年龄和糖尿病病程分别为 54.9±13.0 岁和 6.2±4.5 年。DR 的患病率为 16.8%。多因素分析显示，DR 的独立危险因素包括糖尿病病程>10 年（OR=9.16，95%CI=5.49-15.30）、空腹血糖≥7.2mmol/L（OR=3.25，95%CI=1.42-7.42）、糖化血红蛋白≥7%（OR=6.49，95%CI=2.59-16.23）、高血压（OR=1.59，95%CI=1.05-2.40）、高脂血症（OR=2.16，95%CI=1.30-3.59）、糖尿病肾病（OR=1.95，95%CI=1.17-3.23）、高尿酸血症（OR=3.57，95%CI=1.56-8.15）、白蛋白与肌酐比值高（OR=2.48，95%CI=1.06-5.82）和胰岛素治疗（OR=1.79，95%CI=1.12-2.88）。
本研究评估了中国北京怀柔区农村地区 2 型糖尿病患者中 DR 的患病率及其相关风险因素。关注这些危险因素可能有助于筛查 DR 的高危糖尿病患者，并采取早期预防和治疗干预措施。
