Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics & Gerontology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Alzheimers Dement. 2024 Sep;20(9):6579-6589. doi: 10.1002/alz.14153. Epub 2024 Aug 11.
Information on the psychosocial impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker testing in adults at risk of AD is needed to inform best practices for communicating biomarker results.
Ninety-nine cognitively unimpaired older adults learned amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) results (mean age = 72.0 ± 4.8, 95% White, 28% elevated amyloid). Linear mixed-effects regression models were used to test the main effects and interaction of PET result × time on psychosocial outcomes up to 6 months after learning results.
A significant interaction of PET result × time was observed for concern about AD (β = 0.28, p = 0.02) and intrusive thoughts and avoidance (β = -0.82, p < 0.001). A main effect of PET result was observed for AD test-related distress (β = 12.09, p < 0.001).
Cognitively unimpaired adults learning elevated-amyloid PET results reported mildly intrusive thoughts/avoidance initially following disclosure, but these symptoms decreased over time. Concern about AD dementia and AD biomarker test-related distress remained higher in elevated-amyloid compared to non-elevated-amyloid participants.
Longitudinal assessment of psychosocial reactions after amyloid PET disclosure was conducted. Transient highly intrusive thoughts or avoidance after learning elevated amyloid results. Persistent test result-related distress after receiving elevated-amyloid results. There is increased concern about AD dementia after receiving elevated-amyloid results. Happiness and relief are experienced after receiving non-elevated-amyloid results.
需要了解阿尔茨海默病（AD）生物标志物检测对处于 AD 风险中的成年人的心理社会影响信息，以便为交流生物标志物结果提供最佳实践。
99 名认知正常的老年人学习了淀粉样蛋白正电子发射断层扫描（PET）结果（平均年龄为 72.0 ± 4.8，95%为白人，28%为淀粉样蛋白升高）。线性混合效应回归模型用于测试 PET 结果×时间对学习结果后 6 个月内心理社会结果的主要影响和相互作用。
观察到 PET 结果×时间的显著相互作用，表现在对 AD 的担忧（β=0.28，p=0.02）和侵入性思维和回避（β=-0.82，p<0.001）。观察到 PET 结果对 AD 测试相关的痛苦的主要影响（β=12.09，p<0.001）。
认知正常的成年人在了解到淀粉样蛋白升高的 PET 结果后，报告说在披露后最初会出现轻度侵入性思维/回避，但这些症状随着时间的推移而减少。与非淀粉样蛋白升高的参与者相比，AD 痴呆和 AD 生物标志物测试相关的痛苦在淀粉样蛋白升高的参与者中仍然更高。
对淀粉样蛋白 PET 披露后心理社会反应进行了纵向评估。在学习淀粉样蛋白升高结果后，会出现短暂的高度侵入性思维或回避。在接收到淀粉样蛋白升高的结果后，会持续存在与测试结果相关的痛苦。在接收到淀粉样蛋白升高的结果后，对 AD 痴呆的担忧增加。在接收到非淀粉样蛋白升高的结果后，会感到幸福和宽慰。
