Biological Effects of Double-Layered Hydroxyapatite and Zirconium Oxide Depositions on Titanium Surfaces.

PURPOSE

This study aimed to confirm the synergy effect of these two materials by evaluating osteoblast and antibacterial activity by applying a double-layered hydroxyapatite(HA) zirconium oxide(ZrO) coating to titanium.

METHODS

The specimens used in this study were divided into four groups: a control group (polished titanium; group T) and three experimental groups: Group TH (RF magnetron sputtered HA deposited titanium), Group Z (ZrO ALD deposited titanium), and Group ZH (RF magnetron sputtered HA and ZrO ALD deposited titanium). The adhesion of () to the surface was assessed using a crystal violet assay. The adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, a mouse osteoblastic cell line, were assessed through a WST-8 assay and ALP assay.

RESULTS

Group Z showed a decrease in the adhesion of ( < 0.05) and an improvement in osteoblastic viability ( < 0.0083). Group TH and ZH showed a decrease in adhesion of ( < 0.05) and an increase in osteoblastic cell proliferation and cell differentiation ( < 0.0083). Group ZH exhibited the highest antibacterial and osteoblastic differentiation.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion double-layered HA and ZrO deposited on titanium were shown to be more effective in inhibiting the adhesion of , which induced biofilm formation, and increasing osteoblastic differentiation involved in osseointegration by the synergistic effect of the two materials.