Wolfson L I, Whipple R, Amerman P, Kaplan J, Kleinberg A
Clin Geriatr Med. 1985 Aug;1(3):649-59.
Neuromuscular function, which underlies efficient gait and balance, deteriorates with age and disease. A review of the literature and of data from the current study suggests the presence of poor gait and balance in elderly individuals who have a history of multiple falls. The tests of gait and balance are simple to perform and therefore may be widely applicable in evaluating individuals at risk of falls. Quantitative studies of motor and sensory function, vibratory sensation, and electrophysiologic studies of nerve integrity are discussed. Deteriorating motor and sensory control mechanisms appear to play an important role in falling.
神经肌肉功能是高效步态和平衡的基础，会随着年龄增长和疾病而衰退。对文献及本研究数据的回顾表明，有多次跌倒史的老年人存在步态不佳和平衡能力差的情况。步态和平衡测试操作简单，因此可能广泛适用于评估有跌倒风险的个体。文中讨论了运动和感觉功能的定量研究、振动觉以及神经完整性的电生理研究。运动和感觉控制机制的衰退似乎在跌倒中起重要作用。
