Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Lab, Department of Botany, Dayalbagh Educational Institute (Deemed to be University), Agra, 282005, India.
Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 2020002, UP, India.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2024 Oct;215:109030. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109030. Epub 2024 Aug 8.
Globally, metal/metalloid(s) soil contamination is a persistent issue that affects the atmosphere, soil, water and plant health in today's industrialised world. However, an overabundance of these transition ions promotes the excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ion imbalance, which harms agricultural productivity. Plants employ several strategies to overcome their negative effects, including hyperaccumulation, tolerance, exclusion, and chelation with organic molecules. Polyamines (PAs) are the organic compounds that act as chelating agents and modulate various physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes under metal/metalloid(s) stress. Their catabolic products, including HO and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA), are also crucial signalling molecules in abiotic stress situations, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress. In this review, we explained how PAs regulate genes and enzymes, particularly under metal/metalloid(s) stress with a specific focus on arsenic (As), boron (B), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn). The PAs regulate various plant stress responses by crosstalking with other plant hormones, upregulating phytochelatin, and metallothionein synthesis, modulating stomatal closure and antioxidant capacity. This review presents valuable insights into how PAs use a variety of tactics to reduce the harmful effects of metal/metalloid(s) through multifaceted strategies.
在当今的工业化世界中，全球范围内金属/类金属土壤污染是一个持续存在的问题，影响着大气、土壤、水和植物健康。然而，这些过渡离子的过多会促进活性氧物种（ROS）和离子失衡的过度积累，从而损害农业生产力。植物采用了几种策略来克服其负面影响，包括超积累、耐受、排除和与有机分子螯合。多胺（PAs）是作为螯合剂的有机化合物，可调节金属/类金属（s）胁迫下的各种生理、生化和分子过程。它们的代谢产物，包括 HO 和γ-氨基丁酸（GABA），在非生物胁迫情况下，特别是在金属/类金属（s）胁迫下，也是至关重要的信号分子。在这篇综述中，我们解释了 PAs 如何调节基因和酶，特别是在砷（As）、硼（B）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）和锌（Zn）等金属/类金属胁迫下。PAs 通过与其他植物激素的串扰、上调植物螯合肽和金属硫蛋白的合成、调节气孔关闭和抗氧化能力来调节各种植物应激反应。这篇综述提供了有价值的见解，说明 PAs 如何通过多种策略利用各种策略来减轻金属/类金属（s）的有害影响。
