NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, REAL, CCAL, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Public Health Unit, Amadora Primary Healthcare Cluster, Lisbon, Portugal.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jul 30;12:1367480. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1367480. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to systematically appraise risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-income countries during the period of predominance of the Alpha variant (January 2020 to April 2021).
Four electronic databases were used to search observational studies. Literature search, study screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two authors independently. Meta-analyses were conducted for each risk factor, when appropriate.
From 12,094 studies, 27 were included. The larger sample size was 17,288,532 participants, more women were included, and the age range was 18-117 years old. Meta-analyses identified men [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.23, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.97-1.42], non-white ethnicity (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.39-1.91), household number (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.06-1.10), diabetes (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.08-1.37), cancer (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.98), cardiovascular diseases (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84-1.00), asthma (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.75-0.92) and ischemic heart disease (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74-0.91) as associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
This study indicated several risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Due to the heterogeneity of the studies included, more studies are needed to understand the factors that increase the risk for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244148, PROSPERO registration number, CRD42021244148.
本研究旨在系统评估 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 4 月期间 Alpha 变异株流行期间高收入国家与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关的风险因素。
使用四个电子数据库检索观察性研究。文献检索、研究筛选、数据提取和质量评估由两名作者独立进行。当合适时，对每个风险因素进行了荟萃分析。
从 12094 项研究中，纳入了 27 项研究。样本量较大的研究有 17288522 名参与者，纳入了更多的女性，年龄范围为 18-117 岁。荟萃分析确定了男性（优势比[OR]：1.23，95%置信区间[CI]：1.97-1.42）、非白种人（OR：1.63，95%CI：1.39-1.91）、家庭人数（OR：1.08，95%CI：1.06-1.10）、糖尿病（OR：1.22，95%CI：1.08-1.37）、癌症（OR：0.82，95%CI：0.68-0.98）、心血管疾病（OR：0.92，95%CI：0.84-1.00）、哮喘（OR：0.83，95%CI：0.75-0.92）和缺血性心脏病（OR：0.82，95%CI：0.74-0.91）与 SARS-CoV-2 感染相关。
本研究表明了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的几个风险因素。由于纳入研究的异质性，需要更多的研究来了解增加 SARS-CoV-2 感染风险的因素。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244148，PROSPERO 注册号，CRD42021244148。
