Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
Research & Development Strategy Department, Research & Development Headquarters, Asahi Soft Drinks Co. Ltd, Moriya, Japan.
Exp Physiol. 2024 Oct;109(10):1683-1697. doi: 10.1113/EP091925. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
The objective was to assess if post-exercise ingestion of carbonated water in a hot environment ameliorates hypotension, enhances cerebral blood flow and heat loss responses, and positively modulates perceptions and mood states. Twelve healthy, habitually active young adults (five women) performed 60 min of cycling at 45% peak oxygen uptake in a hot climate (35°C). Subsequently, participants consumed 4°C carbonated or non-carbonated (control) water (150 and 100 mL for males and females regardless of drink type) at 20 and 40 min into post-exercise periods. Mean arterial pressure decreased post-exercise at 20 min only (P = 0.032) compared to the pre-exercise baseline. Both beverages transiently (∼1 min) increased mean arterial pressure and middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (cerebral blood flow index) regardless of post-exercise periods (all P ≤ 0.015). Notably, carbonated water ingestion led to greater increases in mean arterial pressure (2.3 ± 2.8 mmHg vs. 6.6 ± 4.4 mmHg, P < 0.001) and middle cerebral artery mean blood velocity (1.6 ± 2.5 cm/s vs. 3.8 ± 4.1 cm/s, P = 0.046) at 20 min post-exercise period compared to non-carbonated water ingestion. Both beverages increased mouth exhilaration and reduced sleepiness regardless of post-exercise periods, but these responses were more pronounced with carbonated water ingestion at 40 min post-exercise (mouth exhilaration: 3.1 ± 1.4 vs. 4.7 ± 1.7, P = 0.001; sleepiness: -0.7 ± 0.91 vs. -1.9 ± 1.6, P = 0.014). Heat loss responses and other perceptions were similar between the two conditions throughout (all P ≥ 0.054). We show that carbonated water ingestion temporarily ameliorates hypotension and increases the cerebral blood flow index during the early post-exercise phase in a hot environment, whereas it enhances mouth exhilaration and reduces sleepiness during the late post-exercise phase.
目的是评估在热环境中运动后摄入碳酸水是否能缓解低血压，增强脑血流和散热反应，并积极调节感知和情绪状态。12 名健康、习惯活跃的年轻人（5 名女性）在炎热气候（35°C）下以 45%的峰值耗氧量进行 60 分钟的骑行。随后，参与者在运动后 20 分钟和 40 分钟时分别饮用 4°C 的碳酸或非碳酸（对照）水（男性和女性无论饮料类型，均为 150 和 100 毫升）。与运动前基线相比，只有在运动后 20 分钟时平均动脉压才会降低（P=0.032）。两种饮料都能短暂（~1 分钟）增加平均动脉压和大脑中动脉平均血流速度（脑血流指数），而与运动后时期无关（所有 P≤0.015）。值得注意的是，与非碳酸水摄入相比，碳酸水摄入可使运动后 20 分钟时的平均动脉压（2.3±2.8 毫米汞柱比 6.6±4.4 毫米汞柱，P<0.001）和大脑中动脉平均血流速度（1.6±2.5 厘米/秒比 3.8±4.1 厘米/秒，P=0.046）增加更大。两种饮料都能增加口腔兴奋感并减少嗜睡感，而与运动后时期无关，但在运动后 40 分钟时，碳酸水摄入的这些反应更为明显（口腔兴奋感：3.1±1.4 比 4.7±1.7，P=0.001；嗜睡感：-0.7±0.91 比-1.9±1.6，P=0.014）。在整个过程中，两种情况下的散热反应和其他感知都相似（所有 P≥0.054）。我们表明，在热环境中，碳酸水摄入可暂时缓解运动后的低血压，并在运动后早期增加脑血流指数，而在运动后晚期，它可增强口腔兴奋感并减少嗜睡感。
