He Fei, Zhang Yuping, Ming Li
Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Transl Pediatr. 2024 Jul 31;13(7):1141-1151. doi: 10.21037/tp-24-117. Epub 2024 Jul 29.
In recent years, the incidence of asthma in children has been increasing. As a chronic disease, in addition to drug treatment, dietary management is also important. However, studies of carotenoids and asthma have shown mixed results. This study aimed to evaluate whether the relationship between carotenoid intake and current asthma holds significant importance.
We studied 9,118 children aged 6-16 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of US from 2007 to 2016, and the relationship of dietary carotenoid and its subgroup with pediatric asthma. Current asthma was assessed by parent-reported, doctor-diagnosed, asthma using a standardized questionnaire. We used multivariate logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio (OR) for current asthma with a 95% confidence interval (CI).
Total carotenoid intake was not associated with the risk of current asthma. Compared with the first quantile, the second quantile of β-cryptoxanthin intake was positively correlated with current asthma (Q2: 1.227; 95% CI: 1.025-1.470; P=0.03). The test of trend showed that, as the α-carotene intake increased, the risk of current asthma showed a decreasing trend, which was very close to the statistic confidence cutoff (Model I: P for trend =0.001; Model II: P for trend =0.003; Model III: P for trend =0.08). In subgroup analysis, family history of asthma interacted with carotenoid intake (P=0.005). The population without a family history of asthma, there were significant negative associations between carotenoid intakes and asthma (quartile 4: Model III: 0.720; 95% CI: 0.549-0.943; P=0.02).
In this study, pediatric current asthma was not related to total carotenoids in our total participants. Total dietary carotenoid intake has a protective effect on children without a family history of asthma. Meanwhile, β-cryptoxanthin intake is positively correlated with asthma.
近年来，儿童哮喘的发病率一直在上升。作为一种慢性病，除药物治疗外，饮食管理也很重要。然而，关于类胡萝卜素与哮喘的研究结果不一。本研究旨在评估类胡萝卜素摄入量与当前哮喘之间的关系是否具有重要意义。
我们研究了2007年至2016年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中的9118名6至16岁儿童，以及饮食类胡萝卜素及其亚组与儿童哮喘的关系。通过家长报告、医生诊断的哮喘标准化问卷来评估当前哮喘情况。我们使用多变量逻辑回归计算当前哮喘的比值比（OR）及95%置信区间（CI）。
总类胡萝卜素摄入量与当前哮喘风险无关。与第一四分位数相比，β-隐黄质摄入量的第二四分位数与当前哮喘呈正相关（Q2：1.227；95%CI：1.025 - 1.470；P = 0.03）。趋势检验表明，随着α-胡萝卜素摄入量增加，当前哮喘风险呈下降趋势，非常接近统计置信临界值（模型I：趋势P = 0.001；模型II：趋势P = 0.003；模型III：趋势P = 0.08）。在亚组分析中，哮喘家族史与类胡萝卜素摄入量存在交互作用（P = 0.005）。在无哮喘家族史的人群中，类胡萝卜素摄入量与哮喘之间存在显著负相关（第四四分位数：模型III：0.720；95%CI：0.549 - 0.943；P = 0.02）。
在本研究中，总体参与者中儿童当前哮喘与总类胡萝卜素无关。饮食中总类胡萝卜素摄入量对无哮喘家族史的儿童有保护作用。同时，β-隐黄质摄入量与哮喘呈正相关。
