Khadim Salihah, Malik Khafsa, Kazmi Abeer, Sultana Tahira, Ali Amir, Mehmood Khalid, Hassan Rizwan Ul, Bashir Muhammad Nasir, Ali M Mahmood
Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 19;10(15):e34869. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34869. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Gynecological issues and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose significant challenges to women's health, particularly in developing nations. These challenges are exacerbated by limited access to modern reproductive healthcare facilities, economic constraints, and entrenched cultural norms. Consequently, most of the Pakistani population relies on traditional ethno-medicinal healthcare systems. This preference stems from the ease of access, affordability, widespread availability, and inherent trust placed in these alternative healthcare methods.
AIM/OBJECTIVE: The inquiry aimed to report details on the application of conventional uses of plants in the health field in rural areas that could contribute to advancing the natural discovery of drugs. The objective of this analysis is to provide researchers with information on conventional and empirical knowledge of plant species concerning women's diseases.
Information on the common use of medicinal plants in treating women's diseases was gathered from electronic databases. As a keyword for the quest, ethnobotany, and ethnopharmacology were used together with gynecological complications.
The work of the current analysis has revealed that 217 plant species belonging to 89 families have been used in Pakistan's rural communities. The majority of plant species belong to the Apiaceae family, followed by the Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and other families. The biological interpretation of plants used in rural communities of Pakistan revealed that herbs and trees are the dominant forms with 58 % and 23 % respectively while shrubs and sub-shrubs with a low percentage of 17 % and 2 %. In natural preparation, leaves 29 %, flowers 22 %, seeds 14 %, fruits 14 %, roots 13 %, bark 7 %, and stems 5 % were the most used parts respectively and aerial parts, dried pericarp, bulb, bud, berry, latex, wood, rhizome, husk, fruit coat, oil, resins, twigs, and shoot were also used in minimum percentage. A multitude of plant species have found extensive application in the management of diverse women's health issues. These encompass concerns such as fatigue, mood fluctuations attributed to menstrual problems, gonorrhea, complications related to pregnancy, cravings for specific foods, throbbing breast pain, abdominal and pelvic cramps, excessive vaginal discharge, mastitis, irritability, abortion-related matters, headaches, uterine hemorrhage, Menorrhagia, Amenorrhea, Menopause, Vomiting Abortion, infertility and lactation challenges, as well as the regulation of lochia flow.
This review provides remarkable information about the use of medicinal plants against women's diseases in the rural communities of Pakistan. It opens the gateway for the discovery of natural drug development.
妇科问题和性传播感染（STIs）对女性健康构成重大挑战，尤其是在发展中国家。获得现代生殖保健设施的机会有限、经济限制以及根深蒂固的文化规范加剧了这些挑战。因此，大多数巴基斯坦人依赖传统民族医药保健系统。这种偏好源于其易于获取、价格实惠、广泛可得以及对这些替代保健方法的内在信任。
该调查旨在报告农村地区植物传统用途在健康领域的应用细节，这有助于推进药物的自然发现。本分析的目的是为研究人员提供有关植物物种在女性疾病方面的传统和经验知识的信息。
从电子数据库收集有关药用植物治疗女性疾病常见用途的信息。作为搜索关键词，民族植物学和民族药理学与妇科并发症一起使用。
当前分析工作表明，巴基斯坦农村社区使用了属于89个科的217种植物。大多数植物物种属于伞形科，其次是菊科、豆科、茄科、蔷薇科、唇形科和其他科。对巴基斯坦农村社区使用的植物的生物学解读表明，草本植物和树木分别占主导形式，比例为58%和23%，而灌木和亚灌木的比例较低，分别为17%和2%。在天然制剂中，最常使用的部位分别是叶（29%）、花（22%）、种子（14%）、果实（14%）、根（13%）、树皮（7%）和茎（5%），地上部分、干燥果皮、鳞茎、芽、浆果、乳胶、木材、根茎、果壳、果皮、油、树脂、嫩枝和嫩梢的使用比例也最低。多种植物物种在管理各种女性健康问题方面得到了广泛应用。这些问题包括疲劳、月经问题引起的情绪波动、淋病、与怀孕相关的并发症、对特定食物的渴望、乳房刺痛、腹部和盆腔痉挛、过多的阴道分泌物、乳腺炎、易怒、与流产相关的问题、头痛、子宫出血、月经过多、闭经、更年期、流产呕吐、不孕和哺乳挑战，以及恶露流量的调节。
本综述提供了有关巴基斯坦农村社区使用药用植物治疗女性疾病的显著信息。它为天然药物开发的发现打开了大门。
