Lee Namhee, Kim Meehye, Lee Sang Mi, Kim Young-Suk
Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760 Republic of Korea.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, Incheon, 22212 Republic of Korea.
Food Sci Biotechnol. 2024 Mar 23;33(10):2391-2398. doi: 10.1007/s10068-024-01547-7. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Formaldehyde is naturally present as a product of common metabolism in a diverse range of foods, including meat, fish, vegetables, and processed foods, and can also be introduced to food unintentionally due to its ubiquity in the environment. There has been increased interest in dietary exposure to formaldehyde because of its adverse health effects via multiple sources. The aim of this study was to evaluate the formaldehyde levels in various agricultural products and conduct a deterministic exposure assessment for the South Korean population. Formaldehyde levels were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography, with the samples extracted using water and then derivatized with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The levels of formaldehyde were found to range from 0.006 to 25.6 µg/g in agricultural food products (n = 480). For the deterministic exposure assessment, multiple sources for point estimation were employed, with consumption data taken from the 2017 Korean Nutrition Survey. The mean daily formaldehyde exposure per each person was 127.5 µg for the South Korean, constituting approximately 1.4% of the tolerable daily intake (TDI). The hazard index (the ratio of the entire formaldehyde exposure to the TDI) normally fell within the range from 0.01 to 0.22 based on assumptions employed in the deterministic estimation of dietary intake. Based on these estimates, the exposure of the general South Korean to formaldehyde was considered to be safe.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-024-01547-7.
甲醛作为多种食物（包括肉类、鱼类、蔬菜和加工食品）常见代谢的产物自然存在，并且由于其在环境中无处不在，也可能无意中进入食物。由于甲醛通过多种来源对健康产生不利影响，人们对饮食中甲醛暴露的关注度有所增加。本研究的目的是评估各种农产品中的甲醛水平，并对韩国人群进行确定性暴露评估。使用高效液相色谱法测量甲醛水平，样品用水提取，然后用2,4 -二硝基苯肼衍生化。在农产品（n = 480）中发现甲醛水平在0.006至25.6μg/g之间。对于确定性暴露评估，采用了多个点估计来源，消费数据取自2017年韩国营养调查。韩国人每人每天的甲醛平均暴露量为127.5μg，约占可耐受每日摄入量（TDI）的1.4%。基于饮食摄入量确定性估计中所采用的假设，危害指数（总甲醛暴露量与TDI的比值）通常在0.01至0.22范围内。基于这些估计，韩国普通人群对甲醛的暴露被认为是安全的。
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