White Eleanor, Dalley Jeffrey W
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Psychiatry, Herschel Smith Building for Brain and Mind Sciences, Cambridge, UK.
Brain Neurosci Adv. 2024 Aug 13;8:23982128241272234. doi: 10.1177/23982128241272234. eCollection 2024 Jan-Dec.
In this article, we critique the hypothesis that different varieties of impulsivity, including impulsiveness present in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, encompass an accelerated perception of time. This conceptualisation provides insights into how individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder have the capacity to maximise cognitive capabilities by more closely aligning themselves with appropriate environmental contexts (e.g. fast paced tasks that prevent boredom). We discuss the evidence for altered time perception in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder alongside putative underlying neurobiological substrates, including a distributed brain network mediating time perception over multiple timescales. In particular, we explore the importance of temporal representations across the brain for time perception and symptom manifestation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, including a prominent role of the hippocampus and other temporal lobe regions. We also reflect on how abnormalities in the perception of time may be relevant for understanding the aetiology of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and mechanism of action of existing medications.
在本文中，我们对以下假说进行了批判：不同类型的冲动性，包括注意力缺陷多动障碍中存在的冲动性，都包含对时间的加速感知。这种概念化有助于深入了解注意力缺陷多动障碍患者如何通过更紧密地与适当的环境背景相匹配（例如，防止无聊的快节奏任务）来最大限度地发挥认知能力。我们讨论了注意力缺陷多动障碍中时间感知改变的证据以及假定的潜在神经生物学基质，包括一个在多个时间尺度上介导时间感知的分布式脑网络。特别是，我们探讨了大脑中跨时间的表征对于注意力缺陷多动障碍中时间感知和症状表现的重要性，包括海马体和其他颞叶区域的突出作用。我们还思考了时间感知异常如何与理解注意力缺陷多动障碍的病因和现有药物的作用机制相关。
