Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
Instituto de Ecología, Laboratorio de Ecología Bacteriana, Unidad Mérida, Ucú, Yucatán, México.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 16;19(8):e0307929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307929. eCollection 2024.
Mangrove forests are fundamental coastal ecosystems for the variety of services they provide, including green-house gas regulation, coastal protection and home to a great biodiversity. Mexico is the fourth country with the largest extension of mangroves of which 60% occurs in the Yucatan Peninsula. Understanding the microbial component of mangrove forests is necessary for their critical roles in biogeochemical cycles, ecosystem health, function and restoration initiatives. Here we study the relation between the microbial community from sediments and the restoration process of mangrove forests, comparing conserved, degraded and restored mangroves along the northern coast of the Yucatan peninsula. Results showed that although each sampling site had a differentiated microbial composition, the taxa belonged predominantly to Proteobacteria (13.2-23.6%), Desulfobacterota (7.6-8.3%) and Chloroflexi (9-15.7%) phyla, and these were similar between rainy and dry seasons. Conserved mangroves showed significantly higher diversity than degraded ones, and restored mangroves recovered their microbial diversity from the degraded state (Dunn test p-value Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted = 0.0034 and 0.0071 respectively). The structure of sediment microbial β-diversity responded significantly to the mangrove conservation status and physicochemical parameters (organic carbon content, redox potential, and salinity). Taxa within Chloroflexota, Desulfobacterota and Thermoplasmatota showed significantly higher abundance in degraded mangrove samples compared to conserved ones. This study can help set a baseline that includes the microbial component in health assessment and restoration strategies of mangrove forests.
红树林是沿海生态系统的重要组成部分，为人类提供了多种服务，包括调节温室气体、保护沿海地区和为丰富的生物多样性提供栖息地。墨西哥是世界上拥有最大面积红树林的四个国家之一，其中 60%的红树林位于尤卡坦半岛。了解红树林生态系统中的微生物组成对于其在生物地球化学循环、生态系统健康、功能和恢复计划中的关键作用至关重要。本研究通过比较尤卡坦半岛北部沿海地区的自然保留、退化和恢复的红树林，研究了沉积物中的微生物群落与红树林恢复过程之间的关系。结果表明，尽管每个采样点的微生物组成存在差异，但主要的分类群属于变形菌门（13.2-23.6%）、脱硫杆菌门（7.6-8.3%）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）（9-15.7%），并且在雨季和旱季之间相似。自然保留的红树林的多样性显著高于退化的红树林，而恢复的红树林从退化状态中恢复了其微生物多样性（Dunn 检验 p 值 Benjamini-Hochberg 调整=0.0034 和 0.0071）。沉积物微生物β多样性的结构对红树林保护状况和理化参数（有机碳含量、氧化还原电位和盐度）有显著响应。与自然保留的红树林相比，Chloroflexota、脱硫杆菌门和Thermoplasmatota 中的分类群在退化的红树林样本中表现出更高的丰度。本研究可以为红树林生态系统的健康评估和恢复策略提供一个包含微生物组成的基线。
