Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
Department of Community Oral Health and Clinical Prevention, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 16;24(1):949. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04701-z.
Malaysian preschool children continue to exhibit a high prevalence of dental caries and poor oral hygiene. There is a need to gain an in-depth understanding of oral hygiene habits and design suitable interventions to improve oral hygiene in early childhood.
To cross-culturally adapt and determine the psychometric properties of the Malay-translated Parenting and Child Tooth Brushing Assessment questionnaire (M-PACTA).
This cross-sectional study involved face and content validation, and forward and back-translation of PACTA. The M-PACTA was then tested for reliability and construct validity on 150 Malaysian parents of children aged 5 to 6 years old.
Face validity indicated that the M-PACTA items were clear and easy to understand. For content validity, some words had to be modified in accordance with the recommendations of the expert committees to make it more coherent to Malaysians. Some statements in the parental knowledge scales were modified according to the guidelines applicable in Malaysia. The content comparison of the back translation with the adapted PACTA revealed that all items were semantic and linguistically equivalent. Exploratory factor analyses of M-PACTA suggested a two-factor structure for three scales including child behaviour scale ('non-compliance' and 'avoidance behaviour'), parental attitudes ('lack of concern' and 'attitude of care'), and parental knowledge ('general tooth brushing knowledge' and 'awareness of tooth brushing care') while for the parental strategy scale, three-factor structure was extracted including 'routine positive methods', 'uncommon positive methods', and 'negative methods'. Internal consistencies for all scales were good (α > 0.9).
M-PACTA did not replicate the construct of the original PACTA. Nonetheless, M-PACTA demonstrated good construct validity, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability within Malaysian context.
马来西亚学龄前儿童的龋齿患病率和口腔卫生状况仍不容乐观。因此，深入了解儿童的口腔卫生习惯并设计合适的干预措施来改善儿童的口腔卫生状况显得尤为重要。
跨文化调适并确定马来语翻译的家长与儿童刷牙评估问卷（M-PACTA）的心理测量特性。
本横断面研究包括表面效度和内容效度以及 PACTA 的正向和反向翻译。然后，在 150 名年龄在 5 至 6 岁的马来西亚儿童的家长中测试 M-PACTA 的信度和结构效度。
表面效度表明，M-PACTA 项目清晰易懂。在内容效度方面，根据专家委员会的建议对某些词语进行了修改，使其更符合马来西亚人的习惯。对父母知识量表中的一些陈述进行了修改，以符合马来西亚适用的指南。反向翻译与适应后的 PACTA 的内容比较表明，所有项目在语义和语言上都是等效的。M-PACTA 的探索性因子分析表明，三个量表（儿童行为量表[“不遵守”和“回避行为”]、父母态度量表[“缺乏关注”和“关心态度”]和父母知识量表[“一般刷牙知识”和“刷牙护理意识”]）存在两个因子结构，而对于父母策略量表，提取了三个因子结构，包括“常规积极方法”、“不常见积极方法”和“消极方法”。所有量表的内部一致性均良好（α>0.9）。
M-PACTA 并未复制原始 PACTA 的结构。然而，在马来西亚背景下，M-PACTA 表现出良好的结构效度、内部一致性信度和重测信度。
