Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175487. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175487. Epub 2024 Aug 15.
Fluoroquinolones (FQs), a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics widely used to treat human and animal diseases globally, have limited adsorption and are often excreted unchanged or as metabolites. These compounds enter the soil environment through feces, urban wastewater, or discharge of biological solids. The fluorine atoms in FQs impart high electronegativity, chemical stability, and resistance to microbial degradation, allowing them to potentially enter food chains. The persistence of FQs in soils raises questions about their impacts on plant growth, an aspect not yet conclusively determined. We reviewed whether, like other organic compounds, FQs are actively absorbed by plants, resulting in bioaccumulation and posing threats to human health. The influx of FQs has led to antibiotic resistance in soil microbes by exerting selective pressure and contributing to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, the environmental risks of FQs warrant further attention. This work provides a comprehensive review of the fate and behavior of FQs at the plant-environment interface, their migration and transport from the environment into plants, and associated toxicity. Current limitations in research are discussed and prospects for future investigations outlined. Thus, understanding antibiotic behavior in plants and translocation within tissues is not only crucial for ecosystem health (plant health), but also assessing potential human health risks. In addition, it can offer insights into the fate of emerging soil pollutants in plant-soil systems.
氟喹诺酮类（FQs）是一类广泛用于治疗全球人类和动物疾病的广谱抗生素，其吸附能力有限，通常以未改变的形式或代谢物的形式排泄。这些化合物通过粪便、城市废水或生物固体的排放进入土壤环境。FQs 中的氟原子具有高电负性、化学稳定性和抗微生物降解性，使其有可能进入食物链。FQs 在土壤中的持久性引发了人们对其对植物生长影响的关注，这一方面尚未得出明确结论。我们研究了 FQs 是否像其他有机化合物一样被植物主动吸收，从而导致生物累积并对人类健康构成威胁。FQs 的流入通过施加选择压力和促进多药耐药菌的产生，导致土壤微生物产生抗生素耐药性。因此，有必要进一步关注 FQs 的环境风险。本工作全面综述了 FQs 在植物-环境界面的归趋和行为，它们从环境向植物的迁移和传输，以及相关的毒性。讨论了当前研究的局限性，并提出了未来研究的前景。因此，了解抗生素在植物中的行为和在组织内的转移不仅对生态系统健康（植物健康）至关重要，而且还可以评估潜在的人类健康风险。此外，它还可以深入了解新兴土壤污染物在植物-土壤系统中的命运。
