Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 14155, Iran.
Center of Excellence in Medicinal Plant Metabolites, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 17;14(1):19106. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-69625-8.
In current work, we studied hairy root induction in Trigonella foenum graecum, which is an important medicinal plant, and examined the impact of different elicitors on some phytochemical characteristics and metabolites production in hairy root cultures. Accordingly, some factors such as five strain types of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (1724, 15834, A4, A13 and MSU) and three different explants, namely leaf, cotyledon and hypocotyl were studied. The results showed that different A. rhizogenes strains exhibited different infection efficiency. MSU and 15834 had highest efficiency of hairy root induction than other strains. Also, hairy root induction frequency in leaf explants was higher than in other explants. Salicylic acid (SA), nitric oxide (NO), CaCl and penconazole (PEN) were used in elicitation process. Hairy roots were treated with SA (0.1 and 0.5 mM), NO (10 and 50 µM), CaCl (5 and 10 mM) and PEN (5 and 10 mg/L). Applied elicitors enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities and reduced oxidative stress markers; this observation might be ascribed to regulation of the oxidative status of the elicited cells. Significant increase of antioxidant metabolites (total phenol, flavonoid and anthocyanin) in PEN-treated hairy roots was associated to phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity, indicating an up-regulation of phenylpropanoid/flavonoid metabolism. PEN and CaCl treatment enhanced steroidal sapogenin in hairy root cultures. These results suggested that use of elicitors can enhance the production of secondary metabolites in transformed hairy roots. Among the elicitors applied, CaCl and PEN were the most effective in increasing secondary metabolite production in transformed hairy roots of T. foenum graecum.
在当前的工作中，我们研究了作为重要药用植物的胡芦巴发根诱导，并研究了不同诱导子对发根培养中一些次生代谢产物特征和代谢产物产生的影响。因此，研究了 5 种发根农杆菌（1724、15834、A4、A13 和 MSU）菌株类型和 3 种不同外植体，即叶片、子叶和下胚轴。结果表明，不同的发根农杆菌菌株表现出不同的感染效率。MSU 和 15834 比其他菌株具有更高的发根诱导效率。此外，叶片外植体的发根诱导频率高于其他外植体。在诱导过程中使用了水杨酸（SA）、一氧化氮（NO）、CaCl 和戊唑醇（PEN）。用 SA（0.1 和 0.5 mM）、NO（10 和 50 µM）、CaCl（5 和 10 mM）和 PEN（5 和 10 mg/L）处理发根。应用诱导子增强了抗氧化酶的活性并降低了氧化应激标志物；这一观察结果可能归因于对被诱导细胞氧化状态的调节。PEN 处理的发根中抗氧化代谢物（总酚、类黄酮和花青素）的显著增加与苯丙氨酸解氨酶活性相关，表明苯丙烷/类黄酮代谢的上调。PEN 和 CaCl 处理增强了发根培养物中的甾体皂素。这些结果表明，使用诱导子可以增强转化发根中次生代谢产物的产生。在所应用的诱导子中，CaCl 和 PEN 是提高胡芦巴转化发根中次生代谢产物产生的最有效诱导子。
