Muzaffar Khadijah H, Halilu Hadiza B, Dantata Baraatu A, Saati Shawqi M, Salah Loai A
General Practice, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, SAU.
Dermatology, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 19;16(7):e64917. doi: 10.7759/cureus.64917. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that primarily affects the face, affecting a person's physical appearance. Anxiety, depression, and body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) are the three primary psychological conditions seen in dermatological patients. This study aimed to assess how prevalent anxiety, depression, and BDD in acne patients and the negative effect of acne on quality of life and self-esteem in dermatology patients.
This cross-sectional study was done at the dermatology clinic in East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected using two pre-designed questionnaires. Part 1 contained demographic information and part 2 included four sets of questionnaires including the dermatology life quality index (DLQI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ). Post-acne hyperpigmentation index (PAHPI), global scale for acne scar severity (SCAR-S), and LEEDS were used by the dermatologist to assess the patients' acne severity, post-acne scars, and pigmentation conditions. Data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States).
The majority of the participants were females (76%), Saudi Arabians (95%), students (58%), single (82%), and attended university (66%). The mean acne duration was 5.75 ± 4.58 years and 44% of the participants used social media for more than five hours per day. The participants scored high on the RSES (27.54 ± 3.05), indicating normal self-esteem. The HADS-A score was 11.14 ± 2.74, whereas the HADS-D score was 11.46 ± 1.78, indicating anxiety and depression symptoms. Their mean SCAR-S score is 4.38 ± 2.89. DLQI scores (6.04 ± 6.05) indicate that acne had a moderate effect on patients' quality of life. The percentage of positive BDD patients is significantly higher than those with negative BDD (p = 0.022). Furthermore, a significant association between PAHPI total score and SCAR-S (r = 0.48, p ≤ 0.001) and HADS-D (r = 0.39, p = 0.005) total scores.
The study focuses on how acne vulgaris affects patients' quality of life. The findings suggest that acne-related quality of life is positively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms. This study provides clinicians with practical advice for implementing a more thorough management strategy for acne vulgaris.
寻常痤疮是一种慢性炎症性皮肤病，主要影响面部，会影响人的外貌。焦虑、抑郁和躯体变形障碍（BDD）是皮肤科患者中常见的三种主要心理状况。本研究旨在评估痤疮患者中焦虑、抑郁和BDD的患病率，以及痤疮对皮肤科患者生活质量和自尊的负面影响。
本横断面研究在沙特阿拉伯吉达市东吉达医院的皮肤科诊所进行。使用两份预先设计的问卷收集数据。第1部分包含人口统计学信息，第2部分包括四组问卷，包括皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）、罗森伯格自尊量表（RSES）、医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）和躯体变形障碍问卷（BDDQ）。皮肤科医生使用痤疮后色素沉着指数（PAHPI）、痤疮瘢痕严重程度整体量表（SCAR-S）和利兹量表来评估患者的痤疮严重程度、痤疮后瘢痕和色素沉着情况。使用IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows 26版（2019年发布；IBM公司，美国纽约州阿蒙克）对数据进行分析。
大多数参与者为女性（76%）、沙特阿拉伯人（95%）、学生（58%）、单身（82%）且就读于大学（66%）。痤疮的平均病程为5.75±4.58年，44%的参与者每天使用社交媒体超过5小时。参与者在RSES上得分较高（27.54±3.05），表明自尊正常。HADS-A评分为11.14±2.74，而HADS-D评分为11.46±1.78，表明存在焦虑和抑郁症状。他们的平均SCAR-S评分为4.38±2.89。DLQI评分（6.04±6.05）表明痤疮对患者的生活质量有中度影响。BDD阳性患者的百分比显著高于BDD阴性患者（p = 0.022）。此外，PAHPI总分与SCAR-S（r = 0.48，p≤0.001）和HADS-D（r = 0.39，p = 0.005）总分之间存在显著相关性。
该研究关注寻常痤疮如何影响患者的生活质量。研究结果表明，与痤疮相关的生活质量与焦虑和抑郁症状呈正相关。本研究为临床医生实施更全面的寻常痤疮管理策略提供了实用建议。
