Yasuhara Masaki, Uehara Kazumasa, Oku Takanori, Shiotani Sachiko, Nambu Isao, Furuya Shinichi
Department of Science of Technology Innovation, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka 9402137, Japan.
Tokyo Research, Sony Computer Science Laboratories Inc, Tokyo 1410022, Japan.
iScience. 2024 Jun 27;27(8):110400. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110400. eCollection 2024 Aug 16.
Skillful sequential action requires the delicate balance of sensorimotor control, encompassing both robustness and adaptability. However, it remains unknown whether both motor and neural responses triggered by sensory perturbation undergo plastic adaptation as a consequence of extensive sensorimotor experience. We assessed the effects of transiently delayed tone production on the subsequent motor actions and event-related potentials (ERPs) during piano performance by comparing pianists and non-musicians. Following the perturbation, the inter-keystroke interval was abnormally prolonged in non-musicians but not in pianists. By contrast, the keystroke velocity following the perturbation was increased only in the pianists. A regression model demonstrated that the change in the inter-keystroke interval covaried with the ERPs, particularly at the frontal and parietal regions. The alteration in the keystroke velocity was associated with the P300 component of the temporal region. These findings suggest that different neural mechanisms underlie robust and adaptive sensorimotor skills across proficiency level.
熟练的连续动作需要感觉运动控制的微妙平衡，包括稳健性和适应性。然而，由于广泛的感觉运动经验，感觉扰动触发的运动和神经反应是否都会发生可塑性适应仍不清楚。我们通过比较钢琴家与非音乐家，评估了在钢琴演奏过程中短暂延迟音调产生对后续运动动作和事件相关电位（ERP）的影响。在受到扰动后，非音乐家的按键间隔异常延长，而钢琴家则没有。相比之下，受到扰动后的按键速度仅在钢琴家中增加。回归模型表明，按键间隔的变化与ERP相关，特别是在额叶和顶叶区域。按键速度的改变与颞叶区域的P300成分相关。这些发现表明，不同的神经机制是熟练水平上稳健和适应性感觉运动技能的基础。
