Hanum Ardani Latifah, Hu Qiulan, Wei Wei, Ma Fang
School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Geriatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Int J Nurs Sci. 2024 Jun 10;11(3):308-314. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2024.06.005. eCollection 2024 Jul.
This study aimed to explore the determinants influencing training transfer and evaluate how those factors change over time among nurses who graduated from clinical nurse specialist training to provide a theoretical basis for improving the training transfer of clinical nurse specialists (CNSs).
A quantitative longitudinal survey with four rounds of data collection was utilized to measure the influencing aspects of training transfer from June 2018 to December 2019. A total of 46 new CNSs participated in this study, including 30 and 16 nurses receiving training programs for CNSs in Infusion, Wound and Ostomy. The factor influencing training transfer (FITT) questionnaire was used to collect data for the first month (time 1), the third month (time 2), the sixth month (time 3), and the first year (time 4) after training. This questionnaire contains 53 items divided into five dimensions, including managerial support (20 items); hindrance in the organization (6 items); the validity of the training program (10 items); organizational and personal facilitators (11 items); and personal attitudes towards training transfer (6 items).
The influencing factors of CNSs transfer decreased over time, with managerial support, hindrance in the organization, the validity of the training program, and personal attitudes towards training transfer changing statistically over time ( < 0.05), and no statistical difference in organizational and personal facilitators over time ( = 0.229). During early after training (the first month and the third month after training), hindrance in the organization is the biggest obstacle to training transfer. During the later of training (the sixth month and first year after the training), managerial support is the biggest obstacle to training transfer. Overall level of influencing factors of training transfer decreased in three months after training among Infusion nurses ( < 0.001), and Wound and Ostomy nurses decreased in the first year after training ( < 0.001).
The trend and level of training transfer predictors decreased depending on time. Clarifying the factors influencing transfer and its patterns may help nursing managers enhance the implementation and impact of nurse specialist training.
本研究旨在探讨影响培训迁移的决定因素，并评估从临床专科护士培训毕业的护士中这些因素如何随时间变化，以为改善临床专科护士（CNS）的培训迁移提供理论依据。
采用一项有四轮数据收集的定量纵向调查，以测量2018年6月至2019年12月期间培训迁移的影响因素。共有46名新的临床专科护士参与了本研究，其中30名和16名护士分别接受了输液、伤口与造口临床专科护士培训项目。使用培训迁移影响因素（FITT）问卷在培训后的第一个月（时间1）、第三个月（时间2）、第六个月（时间3）和第一年（时间4）收集数据。该问卷包含53个项目，分为五个维度，包括管理支持（20项）；组织中的阻碍（6项）；培训项目的有效性（10项）；组织和个人促进因素（11项）；以及个人对培训迁移的态度（6项）。
临床专科护士迁移的影响因素随时间减少，管理支持、组织中的阻碍、培训项目的有效性以及个人对培训迁移的态度随时间有统计学变化（P<0.05），而组织和个人促进因素随时间无统计学差异（P=0.229）。在培训早期（培训后的第一个月和第三个月），组织中的阻碍是培训迁移的最大障碍。在培训后期（培训后的第六个月和第一年），管理支持是培训迁移的最大障碍。输液护士培训后三个月内培训迁移影响因素的总体水平下降（P<0.001），伤口与造口护士培训后第一年下降（P<0.001）。
培训迁移预测因素的趋势和水平随时间下降。明确影响迁移的因素及其模式可能有助于护理管理者加强专科护士培训的实施和影响。
