Andino-Molina Mauricio, Dost Ines, Abdel-Glil Mostafa, Pletz Mathias W, Neubauer Heinrich, Seyboldt Christian
Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades de Etiología Microbiana (GIEEM) & Observatorio Universitario de Genómica y Resistencia Antimicrobiana (OUGRAM), Instituto de Investigaciones en Microbiología (IIM), Escuela de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Honduras.
Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena, Germany.
One Health. 2024 Jul 20;19:100860. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100860. eCollection 2024 Dec.
To provide a comprehensive characterization of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data in veterinary medicine based on the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of all antimicrobial agents tested in relation to the techniques used.
A systematic scoping review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) and its associated checklist. The objective was to provide a synthesis of the evidence in a summarized and analyzed format.To this end, three scientific databases were consulted: Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science, up until December 2021. Subsequently, all identified literature was subjected to screening and classification in accordance with the established study criteria, with the objective of subsequent evaluation.
A comprehensive analysis was conducted on studies regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in veterinary medicine across various animal species and related sources. The analysis included studies that presented data on antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the -test, agar dilution, or broth microdilution techniques. The extracted data included minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values and a comprehensive characterization analysis.
A total of 1582 studies were identified in scientific databases, of which only 80 were subjected to analysis. The research on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in veterinary medicine is most prolific in Europe and North America. The majority of isolates originate from production animals (55%) and pets (15%), with pigs, horses, and cattle being the most commonly studied species. The tested agents' minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and resulting putative antimicrobial resistance profiles exhibited considerable diversity across animal species and sources of isolation. Additionally, AMR characterization has been conducted at the gene and genomic level in animal strains. The -test was the most frequently utilized method for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). Furthermore, the breakpoints for interpreting the MICs were found to be highly heterogeneous and frequently observed regardless of the geographical origin of the publication.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing techniques and results were found to be diverse and heterogeneous. There is no evidence of an exclusive antimicrobial resistance pattern in any animal species. Despite the phenotypic and genomic data collected over the years, further interdisciplinary studies are necessary. Our findings underscore the necessity for international collaboration to establish uniform standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methods and reporting. Such collaboration would facilitate a "One Health" approach to surveillance and control, which is of paramount importance.
基于所测试的所有抗菌药物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）以及所使用的技术，全面描述兽医学中的抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）数据。
根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）扩展版（PRISMA-ScR）及其相关清单进行了系统的范围综述。目的是以总结和分析的形式综合证据。为此，查阅了三个科学数据库：Scopus、PubMed和Web of Science，截至2021年12月。随后，所有识别出的文献均按照既定的研究标准进行筛选和分类，以便后续评估。
对涉及各种动物物种和相关来源的兽医学抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）研究进行了全面分析。分析包括使用纸片扩散法、琼脂稀释法或肉汤微量稀释法进行抗菌药物敏感性试验的数据的研究。提取的数据包括最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值和全面的特征分析。
在科学数据库中总共识别出1582项研究，其中只有80项进行了分析。兽医学中抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的研究在欧洲和北美最为丰富。大多数分离株来自生产动物（55%）和宠物（15%），猪、马和牛是研究最频繁的物种。所测试药物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）以及由此产生的推定抗菌药物耐药性谱在动物物种和分离来源之间表现出相当大的差异。此外，已经在动物菌株的基因和基因组水平上进行了AMR特征分析。纸片扩散法是最常用的抗菌药物敏感性试验（AST）方法。此外，发现解释MIC的断点高度异质，且无论出版物的地理来源如何都经常观察到。
发现抗菌药物敏感性试验技术和结果多样且异质。没有证据表明任何动物物种存在独特的抗菌药物耐药模式。尽管多年来收集了表型和基因组数据，但仍需要进一步的跨学科研究。我们的研究结果强调了国际合作建立抗菌药物敏感性试验（AST）方法和报告统一标准的必要性。这种合作将促进“同一健康”的监测和控制方法，这至关重要。
