Egelhoff J, Babcock D S, McLaurin R
Pediatr Neurosci. 1985;12(2):80-6. doi: 10.1159/000120224.
Eight patients with 10 intraperitoneal cerebrospinal fluid pseudocysts occurring as a complication of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt procedure were reviewed to determine the sonographic characteristics as well as the etiologic basis for the pseudocysts. An additional 10 patients with VP shunts, being routinely evaluated for genitourinary tract abnormality, were reviewed to determine the sonographic characteristics and the amount of fluid present in the abdomen with a normally functioning VP shunt in place. We found that a small amount or no peritoneal fluid is found in the patient with a normally functioning VP shunt. Larger, localized, simple or loculated fluid collections are abnormal and compatible with pseudocyst formation. Debris was identified in the majority of the fluid collections. We believe that ultrasonography is the method of choice in evaluation of complications of the distal end of the VP shunt. Our series suggests that infection is the principle cause for pseudocyst development despite the frequent absence of systemic signs of infection. Appropriate treatment involves removal of the peritoneal catheter and treatment of the infection. The catheter may later be replaced intraperitoneally.
回顾了8例因脑室腹腔（VP）分流术并发症出现10个腹腔内脑脊液假性囊肿的患者，以确定其超声特征以及假性囊肿的病因。另外回顾了10例接受VP分流术且因泌尿系统异常而接受常规评估的患者，以确定其超声特征以及在VP分流功能正常的情况下腹腔内的液体量。我们发现，VP分流功能正常的患者腹腔内仅有少量液体或无液体。较大的、局限性的、单纯性或分隔性的液体积聚是异常的，与假性囊肿形成相符。在大多数液体积聚中发现了碎屑。我们认为超声检查是评估VP分流远端并发症的首选方法。我们的系列研究表明，尽管常常没有全身感染迹象，但感染是假性囊肿形成的主要原因。适当的治疗包括取出腹腔导管并治疗感染。之后可在腹腔内更换导管。
