Adaptation strategies of smallholder farmers to climate variability and change in Konso, Ethiopia.

This study investigates the adaptation strategies employed by smallholder farmers in Konso, Ethiopia, to cope with climate change and variability. A survey of 355 smallholder households revealed that farmers utilize various indigenous techniques, including terracing, agroforestry, intercropping, and traditional irrigation practices, to adapt to climate change. The adoption of these strategies is influenced by factors such as education level, landholding size, income level, access to climate information, credit, and extension services. Despite these efforts, smallholder farmers in Konso continue to face challenges in ensuring food security due to recurrent droughts and unpredictable rainfall patterns. To enhance the sustainability of indigenous farming systems in Konso, this study recommends providing regular weather information, accessible credit services, crop insurance options, and capacity building through extension services, with a focus on inclusive approaches that cater to uneducated farmers.