Marie Mequannt, Yirga Fikadu, Haile Mebrahtu, Tquabo Filmon
College of Natural Resource and Environmental Science, Oda Bultum University, Chiro, Ethiopia.
College of Dryland Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2020 Apr 28;6(4):e03867. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03867. eCollection 2020 Apr.
Climate change is a major environmental and socioeconomic challenge in Ethiopia in recent decades. The study site is one of the climate change prone areas affected by climate variability and extreme events. Therefore, a better understanding of area-specific and adaptation is crucial to develop and implement proper adaptation strategies that can alleviate the adverse effects of climate change. Therefore, this work was aimed to identify determinants of farmers' adoption of climate change adaptation strategies in Gondar Zuria District of northwestern Ethiopia. Primary data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, observation, and interviews Besides, the secondary data were also obtained from journal articles, reports, governmental offices, and the internet. The Multinomial and Binary logistic regression models with the help of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) (21 edition) were used to analyze the data. The multinomial logistic regression model was used to estimate the influence of the socioeconomic characteristics of sample households on the farmer's decision to choose climate change adaptation strategies. The result showed that age, gender, family size, farm income, and farm size had a significant influence on the farmers' choice of climate change adaptation strategies. The result also revealed that crop failure, severe soil erosion and shortages of water are major climate change-related problems than others. In order to alleviate these problems, farmers have implemented mixed farming, mixed cropping, early and late planting (changing sowing period), use of drought-resistant crop varieties, application of soil and water conservation techniques, shifting to non-farm income activities and use of irrigation. In contrast, access to climate information, total annual farm income, and market access variables are significant adoption determinants of climate change adaptation strategies by farmers' in the study site. Therefore, we recommend future adaptation-related plans should focus on improving climate change information access, improving market access and enhancing research on the use of rainwater harvesting technology.
近几十年来，气候变化是埃塞俄比亚面临的一项重大环境和社会经济挑战。研究地点是受气候多变性和极端事件影响的气候变化易发生地区之一。因此，更好地了解特定区域情况和适应措施对于制定和实施能够减轻气候变化不利影响的适当适应战略至关重要。因此，这项工作旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西北部贡德尔祖里亚区农民采用气候变化适应战略的决定因素。通过半结构化问卷、观察和访谈收集了初级数据。此外，还从期刊文章、报告、政府办公室和互联网获取了二级数据。借助社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）（第21版）使用多项和二元逻辑回归模型来分析数据。多项逻辑回归模型用于估计样本农户的社会经济特征对农民选择气候变化适应战略决策的影响。结果表明，年龄、性别、家庭规模、农场收入和农场规模对农民选择气候变化适应战略有显著影响。结果还显示，作物歉收、严重土壤侵蚀和水资源短缺是比其他问题更主要的与气候变化相关的问题。为了缓解这些问题，农民实施了混合作物种植、间作、早播和晚播（改变播种期）、使用抗旱作物品种、应用水土保持技术、转向非农业收入活动以及使用灌溉。相比之下，获取气候信息、年度农场总收入和市场准入变量是研究地点农民采用气候变化适应战略的重要决定因素。因此，我们建议未来与适应相关的计划应侧重于改善气候信息获取、改善市场准入以及加强对雨水收集技术使用的研究。
