Department of Botany, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
Department of Botany, Government College Dhaliara, Dhaliara, 177103, India.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Aug 19;24(1):784. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05498-3.
Various attributes are hypothesized to facilitate the dominance of an invasive species in non-native geographical and ecological regimes. To explore the characteristic invasive attributes of the family Asteraceae, a comparative study was conducted among nine species of this family, co-occurring in the western Himalayan region. Based on their nativity and invasion status, the species were categorized as "Invasive", "Naturalized", and "Native". Fifteen plant functional traits, strongly linked with invasion, were examined in the test species. The analyses revealed a strong dissimilarity between all the plant functional traits (except leaf carbon [Leaf C]) represented by "Invasive" and "Native" categories and most of the traits (except leaf area [LA], leaf nitrogen [Leaf N], Leaf C, and leaf carbon-nitrogen ratio [C: N]) represented by the "Naturalized" and "Native" categories. Similarly, "Invasive" and "Naturalized" categories also varied significantly for most of the traits (except Leaf N, Leaf C, capitula per m² population [C], seeds per capitula [S], and seed mass). Invasive species are characterized by high LA, specific leaf area [SLA] and germination, and low C:N and leaf construction costs [LCC]. Most of the traits represented by native species justify their non-invasive behavior; whereas the naturalized species, despite having better size metrics (plant height), resource investment strategy (aboveground non-reproductive biomass [BNR], and aboveground reproductive biomass [BR]), and reproductive output (capitula per individual plant [C], and seeds per individual plant [S]) failed to invade, which implies that the role of these functional aspects in imparting invasion potential to a species is not consistent in all the ecosystems and/or phylogenetic groups. Results of PCA revealed that trait divergence plays a more imperative role in invasion success than naturalization in the species of the family Asteraceae. The present study is intended to refine the pre-generalized invasion concepts associated with family Asteraceae to ensure more accurate identification of the potential invaders and better management of the existing ones.
各种属性被假设为促进入侵物种在非原生地理和生态系统中的优势。为了探索菊科植物的特征性入侵属性，对同时出现在喜马拉雅山西部地区的该科的 9 个物种进行了比较研究。根据其原生和入侵状态，将物种分为“入侵”、“归化”和“本地”。在测试物种中，检查了与入侵强烈相关的 15 种植物功能性状。分析表明，“入侵”和“本地”类别的所有植物功能性状（除叶片碳[Leaf C]外）之间以及“归化”和“本地”类别之间的大多数性状（除叶面积[LA]、叶氮[Leaf N]、叶碳[Leaf C]和叶碳氮比[C:N]外）之间存在很强的不相似性。同样，“入侵”和“归化”类别之间的大多数性状（除叶氮[Leaf N]、叶碳[Leaf C]、每平方米种群的头状花序[C]、每个头状花序的种子[S]和种子质量）也存在显著差异。入侵物种的特征是具有高的 LA、比叶面积[SLA]和发芽率，以及低的 C:N 和叶构建成本[LCC]。代表本地物种的大多数性状证明了它们的非入侵行为；而归化物种，尽管具有更好的大小指标（植物高度）、资源投资策略（地上非生殖生物量[BNR]和地上生殖生物量[BR]）和生殖产量（每个个体植物的头状花序[C]和每个个体植物的种子[S]），但未能入侵，这意味着这些功能方面在赋予物种入侵潜力方面的作用在所有生态系统和/或系统发育群中并不一致。PCA 的结果表明，性状分歧在菊科植物的入侵成功中比归化作用更重要。本研究旨在细化与菊科相关的普遍化入侵概念，以确保更准确地识别潜在的入侵者，并更好地管理现有的入侵者。
