Pourmontaseri Hossein, Sepehrinia Matin, Kuchay Mohammad Shafi, Farjam Mojtaba, Vahid Farhad, Dehghan Azizallah, Homayounfar Reza, Naghizadeh Mohammad Mehdi, Hebert James R
Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
Medanta The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Front Nutr. 2024 Aug 5;11:1429883. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1429883. eCollection 2024.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a collection of medical conditions that elevate the chance of cardiovascular disease. An unhealthy diet is a major risk factors for MetS through different mechanisms, especially systemic chronic inflammation.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary inflammatory potential on MetS incidence and the role of MetS in the association between Energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) and cardiometabolic diseases.
In this prospective cohort study, 10,138 participants were recruited. All participants were divided into MetS or non-MetS groups based on the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The E-DII was used to assess the inflammatory potential of diet. After excluding the participants with MetS at baseline, 2252 individuals were followed for 5 years (longitudinal phase), and the effect of E-DII on MetS incidence was investigated using logistic regression models (-value <0.05).
The cohort's mean age (45.1% men) was 48.6 ± 10.0 years. E-DII ranged from -6.5 to 5.6 (mean: -0.278 ± 2.07). Higher E-DII score had a 29% (95%CI: 1.22-1.36) increased risk for incidence of MetS and its components during five-year follow-up. Also, E-DII was significantly associated with the prevalence of MetS (OR = 1.55, 95%CI: 1.51-1.59). Among MetS components, E-DII had the strongest association with waist circumference in the cross-sectional study (OR = 2.17, 95%CI: 2.08-2.25) and triglyceride in the longitudinal study (OR = 1.19, 95%CI: 1.13-1.25). The association between E-DII and MetS was consistent in both obese (OR = 1.13, 95%CI:1.05-1.21) and non-obese (OR = 1.42, 95%CI: 1.27-1.60) individuals and stronger among non-obese participants. Additionally, MetS mediated the association between E-DII and hypertension, diabetes, and myocardial infarction.
In conclusion, a pro-inflammatory diet consumption is associated with a higher risk of MetS and its components. Furthermore, a pro-inflammatory diet increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. The higher E-DII had a stronger association with MetS, even among normal-weight individuals.
代谢综合征（MetS）是一系列会增加心血管疾病发病几率的病症集合。不健康饮食是通过不同机制导致代谢综合征的主要风险因素，尤其是全身性慢性炎症。
本研究旨在调查饮食炎症潜能对代谢综合征发病率的影响，以及代谢综合征在能量调整饮食炎症指数（E-DII）与心脏代谢疾病之间关联中的作用。
在这项前瞻性队列研究中，招募了10138名参与者。所有参与者根据成人治疗小组III标准分为代谢综合征组或非代谢综合征组。使用E-DII评估饮食的炎症潜能。在排除基线时患有代谢综合征的参与者后，对2252名个体进行了5年随访（纵向阶段），并使用逻辑回归模型研究E-DII对代谢综合征发病率的影响（P值<0.05）。
该队列的平均年龄为48.6±10.0岁（男性占45.1%）。E-DII范围为-6.5至5.6（平均值：-0.278±2.07）。在五年随访期间，较高的E-DII评分使代谢综合征及其组分发病风险增加29%（95%CI：1.22-1.36）。此外，E-DII与代谢综合征患病率显著相关（OR = 1.55，95%CI：1.51-1.59）。在代谢综合征组分中，在横断面研究中E-DII与腰围的关联最强（OR = 2.17，95%CI：2.08-2.25），在纵向研究中与甘油三酯的关联最强（OR = 1.19，95%CI：1.13-1.25）。E-DII与代谢综合征之间的关联在肥胖个体（OR = 1.13，95%CI：1.05-1.21）和非肥胖个体（OR = 1.42，95%CI：1.27-1.60）中均一致，且在非肥胖参与者中更强。此外，代谢综合征介导了E-DII与高血压、糖尿病和心肌梗死之间的关联。
总之，食用促炎性饮食与代谢综合征及其组分的较高风险相关。此外，促炎性饮食会增加心脏代谢疾病的风险。即使在体重正常的个体中，较高的E-DII与代谢综合征的关联也更强。
