Wattenberg L W, Hanley A B, Barany G, Sparnins V L, Lam L K, Fenwick G R
Princess Takamatsu Symp. 1985;16:193-203.
Previous work has shown that food contains a large number of minor dietary constituents that can inhibit the occurrence of cancer. Additional inhibitors from four different natural sources will be the subject of this presentation. 1. Citrus fruit oils. Orange, tangerine, lemon, and grapefruit oils given p.o. induce increased glutathione (GSH) S-transferase activity in tissues of the mouse. When fed in the diet prior to and during the course of administration of benzo(a)pyrene (BP), the four citrus fruit oils inhibit formation of tumors of both the forestomach and lungs of mice. When fed either before or after the administration of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) orange oil inhibits mammary tumor formation. 2. Garlic oil. Allyl methyl trisulfide (AMT), a constituent of garlic oil, has been synthesized recently. When given p.o. 96 and 48 hr prior to BP, AMT inhibits the occurrence of forestomach tumors in mice. 3. Green coffee beans. Two diterpene esters, kahweol palmitate and cafestol palmitate, which are potent inducers of GSH S-transferase activity have been isolated from coffee beans. When administered p.o. prior to DMBA the two diterpene esters inhibit mammary tumor formation. 4. Cruciferous vegetables. Several glucosinolates occur in cruciferous vegetables. Efficient procedures for the isolation of these compounds have been developed recently. The inhibitory effects of three of these i.e. glucobrassicin, glucotropaeolin, and glucosinalbin were studied in several animal models. Glucobrassicin caused substantial inhibition of BP-induced neoplasia of the lung and forestomach of the mouse and DMBA-induced neoplasia of the breast in rats. Glucosinalbin and glucotropaeolin are less active in these systems. In addition to protective effects, indoles derived from the hydrolysis of glucobrassicin have potential harmful properties. The implications of multiple properties and factors which may determine their consequence will be discussed.
先前的研究表明，食物中含有大量可抑制癌症发生的微量膳食成分。本次报告将介绍来自四种不同天然来源的其他抑制剂。1. 柑橘属水果油。经口服给予小鼠的橙子、橘子、柠檬和葡萄柚油可诱导组织中谷胱甘肽（GSH）S - 转移酶活性增加。在给小鼠投喂苯并(a)芘（BP）之前及投喂过程中，这四种柑橘属水果油可抑制小鼠前胃和肺部肿瘤的形成。在给予7,12 - 二甲基苯并(a)蒽（DMBA）之前或之后投喂橙子油，可抑制乳腺肿瘤的形成。2. 大蒜油。大蒜油的成分烯丙基甲基三硫化物（AMT）最近已被合成。在BP给药前96小时和48小时经口服给予AMT，可抑制小鼠前胃肿瘤的发生。3. 生咖啡豆。已从咖啡豆中分离出两种二萜酯，即棕榈酸咖啡豆醇酯和棕榈酸卡韦醇酯，它们是GSH S - 转移酶活性的强效诱导剂。在DMBA给药前经口服给予这两种二萜酯，可抑制乳腺肿瘤的形成。4. 十字花科蔬菜。十字花科蔬菜中含有几种硫代葡萄糖苷。最近已开发出分离这些化合物的有效方法。研究了其中三种硫代葡萄糖苷即葡糖芸苔素、葡糖异硫氰酸苄酯和葡糖白芥子苷在几种动物模型中的抑制作用。葡糖芸苔素可显著抑制BP诱导的小鼠肺部和前胃肿瘤以及DMBA诱导的大鼠乳腺肿瘤。葡糖白芥子苷和葡糖异硫氰酸苄酯在这些系统中的活性较低。除了保护作用外，葡糖芸苔素水解产生的吲哚具有潜在的有害特性。将讨论多种特性和因素的影响，这些因素可能决定它们的后果。
