Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2024 Oct 1;35(5):228-233. doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000948. Epub 2024 Aug 19.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can rapidly assess lipoprotein concentrations and sizes in biological samples. It may be especially useful for quantifying high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which exhibits diverse particle sizes and concentrations. We provide a critical review of the strengths and limitations of NMR for quantifying HDL subclasses.
Recent studies using NMR have shed light on HDL's role in various disorders, ranging from residual cardiovascular risk to host susceptibility to infection. However, accurately quantifying HDL particle number, size, and concentration (HDL-P) remains a challenge. Discrepancies exist between NMR and other methods such as gel electrophoresis, ion mobility analysis and size-exclusion chromatography in estimating the abundance of HDL species and the ratio of apolipoprotein A-I (APOA1) to HDL particles.
NMR is a low-cost method for quantifying HDL-P that is readily applicable to clinical and translational studies. However, inconsistencies between the results of NMR quantification of HDL-P and other independent methods hinder the interpretation of NMR results. Because proton NMR apparently fails to accurately quantify the sizes and concentrations of HDL, the relevance of such studies to HDL biology poses challenges. This limits our understanding of pathophysiological implications of HDL-P as determined by NMR, particularly in determining cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
质子磁共振（NMR）可快速评估生物样本中的脂蛋白浓度和大小。它在定量高密度脂蛋白（HDL）方面可能特别有用，因为 HDL 具有不同的粒径和浓度。我们对 NMR 定量测定 HDL 亚类的优缺点进行了批判性评价。
最近使用 NMR 的研究揭示了 HDL 在各种疾病中的作用，从残余心血管风险到宿主易感性感染不等。然而，准确地定量测定 HDL 颗粒数、大小和浓度（HDL-P）仍然是一个挑战。NMR 与凝胶电泳、离子淌度分析和尺寸排阻色谱等其他方法在估计 HDL 物种的丰度和载脂蛋白 A-I (APOA1) 与 HDL 颗粒的比值方面存在差异。
NMR 是一种用于定量测定 HDL-P 的低成本方法，易于应用于临床和转化研究。然而，NMR 定量测定 HDL-P 的结果与其他独立方法之间的不一致性阻碍了对 NMR 结果的解释。由于质子 NMR 显然不能准确地定量测定 HDL 的大小和浓度，因此这种方法对 HDL 生物学的相关性提出了挑战。这限制了我们对 NMR 测定的 HDL-P 的病理生理学意义的理解，特别是在确定心血管疾病（CVD）风险方面。
