LUCAS, Centre for Care Research and Consultancy, KU Leuven, Louvain, Belgium.
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2024 Oct;97(8):915-929. doi: 10.1007/s00420-024-02096-6. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Mental health in the workplace is a growing concern for enterprises and policy makers. MENTUPP is a multi-level mental health intervention implemented in small and medium size enterprises from three work sectors in nine countries. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility, delivery, and instruments for the MENTUPP intervention to inform the planning of a clustered randomized controlled trial.
We administered items from the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire and the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study measuring psychosocial workplace factors. The questionnaire was answered by 382 participants at baseline, of which 98 participants also answered after six months at follow-up. We calculated mean scores of 19 psychosocial factors at baseline and conducted repeated measures ANOVAs to assess differences in eight psychosocial factors at follow-up. We also examined whether outcomes differed between work sectors and job positions at follow-up.
The construction sector and workers with no or a lower leadership role reported more negative working environment factors at baseline. We observed a statistically significant decline in social support from colleagues and social community at work, and a marginally significant decline in justice at work. For the rest of the constructs, we did not observe statistically significant changes.
We found significant differences in psychosocial work environment factors among work sectors and job positions at baseline. Contrary to our hypotheses, three psychosocial work environment factors decreased at follow-up. Possible explanations are the utilization of specific psychosocial factors as resources to cope with psychosocial stressors, high participant expectations that were not met by the intervention, insufficient time for structural changes, or the intervention prompting critical evaluations of the work environment. These findings will inform the design and implementation of the forthcoming clustered randomized controlled trial, where they will also be further investigated to validate their significance.
职场心理健康是企业和政策制定者日益关注的问题。MENTUPP 是一项多层次的心理健康干预措施，在来自三个工作领域的九个国家的中小企业中实施。本试点研究旨在评估 MENTUPP 干预措施的可行性、实施情况和工具，以为集群随机对照试验的规划提供信息。
我们采用了哥本哈根心理社会问卷和丹麦工作环境队列研究中的项目来衡量心理社会工作场所因素。共有 382 名参与者在基线时回答了问卷，其中 98 名参与者在 6 个月的随访时也回答了问卷。我们计算了 19 个心理社会因素的平均得分，并进行了重复测量方差分析，以评估 8 个心理社会因素在随访时的差异。我们还检查了在随访时不同工作领域和职位之间的结果是否存在差异。
建筑行业和没有或较低领导角色的工人在基线时报告了更多负面的工作环境因素。我们观察到同事和工作中的社会支持以及工作中的公正程度显著下降，而在其余结构中，我们没有观察到统计学上的显著变化。
我们在基线时发现了工作领域和职位之间心理社会工作环境因素的显著差异。与我们的假设相反，有三个心理社会工作环境因素在随访时下降。可能的解释是利用特定的心理社会因素作为应对心理压力源的资源，干预措施没有满足参与者的高期望，没有足够的时间进行结构变革，或者干预措施促使对工作环境进行批判性评估。这些发现将为即将进行的集群随机对照试验的设计和实施提供信息，我们也将进一步调查这些发现的意义，以验证其重要性。
