Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
IfL Phonetics, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
PLoS One. 2024 Aug 20;19(8):e0308655. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308655. eCollection 2024.
While many studies focus on segmental variation in Parkinsonian speech, little is known about prosodic modulations reflecting the ability to adapt to communicative demands in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). This type of prosodic modulation is important for social interaction, and it involves modifications in speech melody (intonational level) and articulation of consonants and vowels (segmental level). The present study investigates phonetic cues of prosodic modulations with respect to different focus structures in mild dysarthric PwPD as a function of levodopa. Acoustic and kinematic speech parameters of 25 PwPD were assessed in two motor conditions. Speech production data from PwPD were collected before (medication-OFF) and after levodopa intake (medication-ON) by means of 3-D electromagnetic articulography. On the acoustic level, intensity, pitch, and syllable durations were analyzed. On the kinematic level, movement duration and amplitude were investigated. Spatio-temporal modulations of speech parameters were examined and compared across three different prosodic focus structures (out-of-focus, broad focus, contrastive focus) to display varying speech demands. Overall, levodopa had beneficial effects on motor performance, speech loudness, and pitch modulation. Acoustic syllable durations and kinematic movement durations did not change, revealing no systematic effects of motor status on the temporal domain. In contrast, there were spatial modulations of the oral articulators: tongue tip movements were smaller and lower lip movements were larger in amplitude under levodopa, reflecting a more agile and efficient articulatory movement under levodopa. Thus, respiratory-phonatory functions and consonant production improved, while syllable duration and tongue body kinematics did not change. Interestingly, prominence marking strategies were comparable between the medication conditions under investigation, and in fact, appear to be preserved in mild dysarthric PwPD.
虽然许多研究都集中在帕金森氏症语音的分段变化上，但对于反映帕金森病患者（PwPD）适应交际需求能力的韵律调制知之甚少。这种韵律调制对于社交互动很重要，它涉及到语音旋律（音高水平）和辅音和元音的发音（分段水平）的修饰。本研究调查了轻度构音障碍的 PwPD 在不同焦点结构下与 prosodic 调制相关的语音线索，作为左旋多巴的函数。在两种运动条件下，评估了 25 名 PwPD 的声学和运动言语参数。通过 3-D 电磁发音图，在 PwPD 左旋多巴摄入前（药物-OFF）和摄入后（药物-ON）收集语音产生数据。在声学水平上，分析了强度、音高和音节持续时间。在运动水平上，研究了运动持续时间和幅度。研究了言语参数的时空调制，并比较了三种不同韵律焦点结构（非焦点、宽焦点、对比焦点）的参数，以显示不同的言语需求。总的来说，左旋多巴对运动表现、语音响度和音高调制有有益的影响。声学音节持续时间和运动运动持续时间没有变化，这表明运动状态对时间域没有系统影响。相反，口腔发音器官存在空间调制：在左旋多巴下，舌尖运动幅度较小，下唇运动幅度较大，这反映了左旋多巴下更灵活、更有效的发音运动。因此，呼吸发音功能和辅音产生得到改善，而音节持续时间和舌体运动学没有变化。有趣的是，在研究的药物条件下，突出标记策略相似，事实上，在轻度构音障碍的 PwPD 中似乎得到了保留。
