Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
National Drug Research Institute and enAble Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Addiction. 2024 Dec;119(12):2176-2184. doi: 10.1111/add.16651. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
Research examining how alcohol consumption changed across different socio-demographic groups during the pandemic has largely relied upon convenience samples recruited after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to measure whether the pandemic shifted alcohol consumption in different gender, age and income groups in Australia.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a longitudinal study using four waves (2017-20) of the annual Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to compare pre-pandemic consumption (2017-19) with consumption in 2020. A total of 11 636 participants in Australia aged 15 years and older took part.
Participants were asked annually about their alcohol consumption, demographics and income.
There was a statistically significant increase in alcohol consumption during the first year of the pandemic [incident rate ratio (IRR) = 1.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1, 1.1], largely driven by changes in drinking frequency. We found a significant difference in consumption change from pre-COVID-19 to during COVID-19 for participants aged under 55 years compared with those aged over 55 years. In addition, participants aged 15-34 reported less alcohol consumption during the pandemic than those aged 35 years and older. No significant differences were identified across gender and income groups.
Alcohol consumption in Australia increased during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey participants aged 55 years and over seemed to be the least impacted by the public health measures introduced during the pandemic, such as the closure of licensed premises.
研究考察了在 COVID-19 大流行期间，酒精消费在不同社会人口群体中的变化情况，这些研究主要依赖于大流行爆发后招募的便利样本。本研究旨在衡量大流行是否改变了澳大利亚不同性别、年龄和收入群体的酒精消费。
设计、设置和参与者：这是一项使用澳大利亚年度家庭、收入和劳动力动态调查（HILDA）的四个波次（2017-20 年）的纵向研究，以比较大流行前（2017-19 年）的消费与 2020 年的消费。共有 11636 名年龄在 15 岁及以上的澳大利亚参与者参加了这项研究。
参与者每年都会被问及他们的酒精消费、人口统计学和收入情况。
在大流行的第一年，酒精消费呈统计学显著增加[发病率比（IRR）=1.1，95%置信区间（CI）=1.1，1.1]，主要是由于饮酒频率的变化。我们发现，与 55 岁以上的参与者相比，55 岁以下的参与者在 COVID-19 前和 COVID-19 期间的消费变化有显著差异。此外，15-34 岁的参与者在大流行期间的酒精消费量低于 35 岁及以上的参与者。在性别和收入群体中没有发现显著差异。
澳大利亚的酒精消费在 COVID-19 大流行的第一年增加了。55 岁及以上的调查参与者似乎受大流行期间实施的公共卫生措施影响最小，例如许可场所的关闭。
