Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ). Rua do Comércio, 3000, Bairro Universitário, 98700-000 Ijuí, RS, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2024 Aug 19;96(3):e20231010. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202420231010. eCollection 2024.
Water springs are manifestations of groundwater to the surface, forming and ensuring the supply and sustainability of streams, lakes, rivers, and dams. Therefore, its riparian forest is considered an area of permanent preservation, which aims to protect the water, as well as the spring, from consequences of disordered population growth, added to deficient basic sanitation systems, climate change, agricultural activities, inappropriate land uses, unplanned urbanization, and diffuse sources of pollution. In addition to compromising water quality, many of these factors affect the permanence of water upwelling at the source, compromising the formation and continuity of streams, lakes, and rivers. In this context, the objective of the present research was to carry out a bibliographic review on water springs, approaching adjacent themes to the main axis of the study that are fundamental for a deep understanding of their importance for the maintenance of water resources and ensuring biodiversity in the search for the sustainability of life for present and future generations. This research collaborates with the environmental view and shows that the function of a water sources is broader than its concepts can reveal.
泉水是地下水向地表的自然涌现，形成并保障了溪流、湖泊、河流和水坝的供应和可持续性。因此，其河岸森林被视为永久性保护区，旨在保护水源和泉水免受人口无序增长、基本卫生系统不足、气候变化、农业活动、土地使用不当、无规划城市化和分散污染源等后果的影响。除了水质恶化，这些因素还会影响水源的涌泉永久性，从而破坏溪流、湖泊和河流的形成和连续性。在这种背景下，本研究的目的是对泉水进行文献综述，探讨与研究主轴相邻的主题，这些主题对于深入了解泉水对水资源维护和生物多样性保障的重要性，以及为当代和后代寻求可持续性生命具有基础性作用。本研究与环境视角合作，表明水源的功能比其概念所能揭示的更为广泛。
