Harnessing the chromium reduction potential of JRHM33: A comprehensive study on bioinformatics, phenotype microarray, and CCD-RSM optimization.

Large amounts of wastewater are generated due to overpopulation and industrialization, The bioavailability, toxicity, and permanence of metals make heavy metal contamination a big environmental hazard. In order to maximize chromium (Cr) removal efficiency, the current investigation was carried out from industrial wastewater using .35 bacterial strains were discovered based on their physical, and biochemical properties and resistance towards chromium (Cr) heavy metal. The most significant bacterial strain JRHM33 found the highest-level of 1000 mg/L of chromium (Cr) resistance. The bacterial strain JRHM33, which has 99 % similarity to , was found using 16 S rRNA sequencing and is employed in subsequent steps. Sequencing and study of conserved domains indicate that JRHM33 contains the laccase gene and belongs to the multicopper oxidase superfamily, which is known for its ability to reduce metal ions. Analysing phenotype microarray (PM) technology sheds light on metabolic profile of microbial cells. Additionally, a series of process parameter optimizations were tried using the central composite design of response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) in an effort to reduce the amount of chromium (Cr) in the effluent as much as possible. At 6.8 pH, 90 min of incubation, inoculum size is 3.8 ml, and agitation is 104 rpm, a maximum 71 % Cr reduction was attained. The model constructed has an R score of 0.983 indicates a very statistically significant outcome from the analysis of variance. The experimental outcomes and the predicted results were remarkably similar, according to the validation experiment. Studies have revealed that bacterial strains obtained from effluent containing high levels of metals utilize their inherent capability to change harmful heavy metals into less dangerous or harmless forms.