Acetyl-proteome profiling revealed the role of lysine acetylation in erythromycin resistance of .

BACKGROUND

ococcus aureus (), a prevalent human pathogen known for its propensity to cause severe infections, has exhibited a growing resistance to antibiotics. Lysine acetylation (Kac) is a dynamic and reversible protein post-translational modification (PTM), played important roles in various physiological functions. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of Kac modification in bacterial antibiotic resistance. However, the precise relationship between Kac modification and antibiotic resistance in remains inadequately comprehended.

METHODS

We compared the differential expression of acetylated proteins between erythromycin-resistant (Ery-R) and erythromycin-susceptible (Ery-S) strains of by 4D label-free quantitative proteomics technology. Additionally, we employed motif analysis, functional annotation and PPI network to investigate the acetylome landscape and heterogeneity of . Furthermore, polysome profiling experiments were performed to assess the translational status of ribosome.

RESULTS

6791 Kac sites were identified on 1808 proteins in , among which 1907 sites in 483 proteins were quantified. A total of 548 Kac sites on 316 acetylated proteins were differentially expressed by erythromycin pressure. The differentially acetylated proteins were primarily enriched in ribosome assembly, glycolysis and lysine biosynthesis. Bioinformatic analyses implied that Kac modification of ribosomal proteins may play an important role in erythromycin resistance of Western bolt and polysome profiling experiments indicated that the increased Kac levels of ribosomal proteins in the resistant strain may partially offset the inhibitory effect of erythromycin on ribosome function.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings confirm that Kac modification is related to erythromycin resistance in and emphasize the potential roles of ribosomal proteins. These results expand our current knowledge of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, potentially guiding future research on PTM-mediated antibiotic resistance.