Knardahl Stein, Christensen Jan Olav
National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway.
Front Psychol. 2024 Aug 7;15:1332687. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1332687. eCollection 2024.
The objectives of the present study were to determine whether (I) work-motive values influence the appraisal of specific work characteristics of significance for health and function and (II) subject variables impact work-motive values. Two aspects of work-motive values were studied: values that assign importance to pursuing one's personal goals and interests, (IntWMVs), and values that assign importance to external factors, (ExtWMVs). These aspects of motive values, age, gender, skill level, managerial role, and specific psychosocial work characteristics were analyzed in a cross-sectional sample of 12,994 employees in 101 private and public organizations. Two-year follow-up prospective data from 6,252 employees in 69 organizations elucidated whether associations were stable over time. The results showed that IntWMV influenced reports of levels of control of decisions, empowering leadership, innovative climate, quantitative demands, feedback from work, and self-leadership. ExtWMVs were most consistently associated with role clarity. Skill level and managerial role were associated with reporting higher levels of IntWMVs and lower ExtWMVs. In conclusion, the present data support the assumption that work-motive values influence the appraisal, reporting, and consequently measurements of work characteristics. Managers differ from subordinates in work-motive values and may face challenges in ascertaining and supporting subordinates' needs.
（I）工作动机价值观是否会影响对健康和功能具有重要意义的特定工作特征的评估；（II）个体变量是否会影响工作动机价值观。研究了工作动机价值观的两个方面：重视追求个人目标和兴趣的价值观（内在工作动机价值观），以及重视外部因素的价值观（外在工作动机价值观）。在101家私营和公共组织的12,994名员工的横断面样本中，分析了动机价值观的这些方面、年龄、性别、技能水平、管理角色和特定的心理社会工作特征。来自69个组织的6,252名员工的两年随访前瞻性数据阐明了这些关联是否随时间稳定。结果表明，内在工作动机价值观影响了对决策控制水平、赋能型领导、创新氛围、定量需求、工作反馈和自我领导的报告。外在工作动机价值观最一致地与角色清晰度相关。技能水平和管理角色与更高水平的内在工作动机价值观和更低水平的外在工作动机价值观的报告相关。总之，目前的数据支持以下假设：工作动机价值观会影响对工作特征的评估、报告，进而影响对工作特征的测量。管理者在工作动机价值观方面与下属不同，在确定和支持下属需求方面可能面临挑战。
