Zhong Ran, Cai Xiuyu, Li Jianfu, Chen Peiling, Wang Runchen, Li Xinting, Li Feng, Xiong Shan, Li Caichen, Wang Huiting, Xiang Yang, Zhan Shuting, Yu Ziwen, Wang Haixuan, Li Chunyan, Lin Lixuan, Fu Wenhai, Zheng Xin, Zhao Shen, Zhang Kang, He Jianxing
Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China.
Chin Med J Pulm Crit Care Med. 2023 Dec 8;1(4):249-258. doi: 10.1016/j.pccm.2023.11.002. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Respiratory cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, but its statistics vary between the East and West. This study aimed to estimate the burdens of tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer and larynx cancer and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019 in Asia, and at regional and national levels.
This research evaluated the incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for respiratory tract cancers using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 database. Age-standardized rates were calculated for TBL cancer from 1990 to 2019, adjusted for smoking and socio-demographic index (SDI). Deaths from TBL cancer and larynx cancer attributable to each risk factor were estimated for 33 Asian countries.
The age-standardized incidence and death rates for TBL cancer in Asia declined from 2010 to 2019, while the incidence rate of larynx cancer increased. Smoking was the leading specific risk factor for deaths from both TBL and larynx cancers. The burden of TBL cancer in Asian countries was influenced by SDI and smoking, particularly among males in Central Asia. Deaths, DALYs, and incidences of larynx cancer in East Asia had not changed significantly over the past 30 years, but showed slight downward trends in males and both sexes combined, and an upward trend in females in recent years.
The past decade saw increases in numbers of incident cases and deaths from TBL cancer and larynx cancer in Asia. SDI and smoking were the main factors influencing the disease burden of TBL cancer in Asian countries. This study highlights the need for tailored cancer control programs to address the burden of respiratory tract cancers in different Asian countries.
呼吸道癌症是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因，但其统计数据在东西方之间存在差异。本研究旨在估计1990年至2019年亚洲以及区域和国家层面气管、支气管和肺癌（TBL）以及喉癌的负担及其可归因风险。
本研究使用《2019年全球疾病、伤害和风险因素负担研究》（GBD）数据库评估了呼吸道癌症的发病率、死亡率、伤残调整生命年、寿命损失年数和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。计算了1990年至2019年TBL癌症的年龄标准化发病率，并根据吸烟和社会人口学指数（SDI）进行了调整。估计了33个亚洲国家中每种风险因素导致的TBL癌症和喉癌死亡人数。
2010年至2019年，亚洲TBL癌症的年龄标准化发病率和死亡率有所下降，而喉癌的发病率有所上升。吸烟是TBL癌症和喉癌死亡的主要特定风险因素。亚洲国家TBL癌症的负担受到SDI和吸烟的影响，特别是在中亚男性中。过去30年，东亚喉癌的死亡人数、DALYs和发病率没有显著变化，但男性和两性合计呈轻微下降趋势，近年来女性呈上升趋势。
在过去十年中，亚洲TBL癌症和喉癌的发病病例数和死亡人数有所增加。SDI和吸烟是影响亚洲国家TBL癌症疾病负担的主要因素。本研究强调需要制定针对性的癌症控制计划，以应对不同亚洲国家呼吸道癌症的负担。
