Community Medicine, Dr. B.C. Roy Multi-Speciality Medical Research Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
Department of Health Promotion & Education, All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health (AIIH&PH), Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 7;12:1260916. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1260916. eCollection 2024.
During adolescence, a critical phase in human life, the groundwork for a healthful future is established. Physical inactivity poses a significant risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and related mortality worldwide. To assess adolescents' behavioral intentions regarding regular physical activity, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) examines 'Attitude,' 'Subjective norm,' and 'Perceived behavioral control.' Utilizing TPB, this study focuses on evaluating the impact of a school-based health promotion intervention on behavioral intentions toward physical activity among urban adolescents in West Bengal, India.
A school-based nonrandomized controlled interventional study with parallel group design was conducted among adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years. Behavioral intention towards performing regular physical activity was determined with the measurements of the constructs from the TPB. Cluster analysis was conducted using measurements from both the intervention and control groups. Participants with higher mean scores in the constructs were classified as intenders, while the rest were considered non-intenders. The intervention's impact was evaluated by calculating the Relative Risk (RR) through a generalized linear model with robust standard error estimates, to ascertain the probability of belonging to the higher intention cluster.
Following the intervention, construct-wise scores improved significantly, particularly the perceived behavioral control mean score in the intervention group. The Relative Risk (RR) of becoming an intender for regular physical activity in the intervention group was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.04-1.48) when compared to the control group.
Health Promoting Schools has been recognized as a strategic and cost-effective vehicle to promote positive development and healthful living, and the current evidence suggests they can effectively reduce the emergence of significant NCD risk factor like physical inactivity. Schools must establish strong partnerships with diverse stakeholders to address barriers beyond the school environment and enhance their control over critical issues.
在人类生命的关键阶段——青春期，为健康的未来奠定基础。全球范围内，缺乏身体活动是导致非传染性疾病（NCD）和相关死亡的重要危险因素。为评估青少年对定期身体活动的行为意向，计划行为理论（TPB）考察了“态度”、“主观规范”和“感知行为控制”。本研究利用 TPB，重点评估了一项基于学校的健康促进干预对印度西孟加拉邦城市青少年身体活动行为意向的影响。
在年龄在 12 至 16 岁的青少年中进行了一项基于学校的非随机对照干预性研究，采用平行组设计。使用 TPB 的各项测量来确定定期进行身体活动的行为意向。采用聚类分析对干预组和对照组的测量结果进行分析。将各项测量得分较高的参与者归类为意向者，其余为非意向者。通过计算广义线性模型的相对风险（RR），采用稳健标准误差估计，评估干预的效果，以确定属于较高意向组的概率。
干预后，各项测量得分均显著提高，特别是干预组的感知行为控制平均分。与对照组相比，干预组定期进行身体活动的意向者的相对风险（RR）为 1.24（95%置信区间：1.04-1.48）。
健康促进学校已被视为促进积极发展和健康生活的战略和具有成本效益的工具，现有证据表明，它们可以有效减少身体活动等重大非传染性疾病危险因素的出现。学校必须与各种利益相关者建立强大的伙伴关系，以解决学校环境以外的障碍，并增强对关键问题的控制。
