中国老年移民的公共卫生服务利用的异质性及其与社会融合的关系：潜在类别分析。
Heterogeneity in public health service utilization and its relationship with social integration among older adult migrants in China: a latent class analysis.
机构信息
School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2024 Aug 7;12:1413772. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1413772. eCollection 2024.
BACKGROUND
The older adult migrant population in China is on the rise, which presents challenges for the national public health service system. However, the heterogeneity of public health service utilization and its relationship with social integration among the older adult migrant population remains unclear. This study aims to explore the heterogeneity the public health service utilization and how it relates to their social integration.
METHODS
A total of 6,178 older adult migrants from the China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS) in 2017 were included in this study. Exploratory factor analysis was used to categorize social integration into four dimensions. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify different sub-groups of public health service utilization. ANOVA and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the characteristics of different sub-groups.
RESULTS
Three potential classes of public health service utilization were identified: low utilization of basic public health services class ( = 3,264,52.756%), medium utilization of basic public health services class ( = 1,743,28.172%), and high utilization of basic public health services class ( = 1,180,19.072%). Gender, education, extent of mobility, and move alone or not, flow time were all predictors of the class of public health service utilization. There were significant differences in social integration across potential categories (<0.0001).
CONCLUSION
The utilization of public health services of the older adult migrants is affected by many aspects. Social integration deserves attention as a significant influencing factor in the utilization of public health services. The government should pay attention to the characteristics of the older adult migrants and formulate relevant policies in a targeted manner in order to improve the utilization of public health services of the older adult migrants.
背景
中国老年移民人口不断增加，这给国家公共卫生服务体系带来了挑战。然而，老年移民人群对公共卫生服务的利用具有异质性，且这种异质性与他们的社会融合程度之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨老年移民人群对公共卫生服务的利用具有异质性，并分析其与社会融合的关系。
方法
本研究共纳入了 2017 年中国流动人口动态监测调查（CMDS）中的 6178 名老年移民。采用探索性因子分析将社会融合分为四个维度。采用潜在类别分析（LCA）识别公共卫生服务利用的不同亚组。采用方差分析和多变量逻辑回归确定不同亚组的特征。
结果
确定了三种潜在的公共卫生服务利用类别：基本公共卫生服务低利用组（ = 3264 人，占 52.756%）、基本公共卫生服务中利用组（ = 1743 人，占 28.172%）和基本公共卫生服务高利用组（ = 1180 人，占 19.072%）。性别、教育程度、流动程度以及是否独自流动、流动时间均是公共卫生服务利用类别的预测因素。不同潜在类别之间的社会融合程度存在显著差异（<0.0001）。
结论
老年移民对公共卫生服务的利用受到许多因素的影响。社会融合作为公共卫生服务利用的一个重要影响因素值得关注。政府应关注老年移民的特点，有针对性地制定相关政策，以提高老年移民对公共卫生服务的利用。
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