Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Türkiye.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Sep;10(5):e1580. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1580.
Mosquitoes and sandflies exhibit a wide range of blood feeding patterns, targeting a wide range of vertebrate species, including birds, mammals, reptiles, and amphibians, for proteins vital for egg development. This broad host range increases the opportunity for them to acquire pathogens of numerous debilitating-and-fatal diseases from various animal reservoirs, playing a significant role in disease crossover between animals and humans, also known as zoonotic transmission. This review focuses on the intricate blood-feeding habits of these dipteran vectors, their sensory systems and the complex dance between host and pathogen during disease transmission. We delve into the influence of blood sources on pathogen spread by examining the insect immune response and its intricate interplay with pathogens. The remarkable sense of smell guiding them towards food sources and hosts is explored, highlighting the interplay of multiple sensory cues in their navigation. Finally, we examine the challenges in mosquito control strategies and explore innovations in this field, emphasizing the need for sustainable solutions to combat this global health threat. By understanding the biology and behaviour of these insects, we can develop more effective strategies to protect ourselves and mitigate the burden of vector-borne diseases.
蚊子和沙蝇表现出广泛的吸血模式，针对包括鸟类、哺乳动物、爬行动物和两栖动物在内的多种脊椎动物物种，以获取对卵发育至关重要的蛋白质。这种广泛的宿主范围增加了它们从各种动物宿主中获得多种使人衰弱和致命疾病病原体的机会，在动物和人类之间的疾病交叉传播中发挥了重要作用，也称为人畜共患病传播。 本综述重点关注这些双翅目载体复杂的吸血习惯、它们的感觉系统以及在疾病传播过程中宿主和病原体之间的复杂互动。我们研究了血液来源对病原体传播的影响，通过检查昆虫的免疫反应及其与病原体的复杂相互作用来研究这一问题。我们探讨了引导它们寻找食物来源和宿主的惊人嗅觉，强调了它们在导航过程中多种感觉线索的相互作用。最后，我们研究了蚊子控制策略中的挑战，并探讨了该领域的创新，强调需要可持续的解决方案来应对这一全球健康威胁。通过了解这些昆虫的生物学和行为，我们可以制定更有效的策略来保护自己并减轻媒介传播疾病的负担。
