Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2024 Aug;89:102456. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2024.102456. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
The unconventional type I interferons IFNε and IFNω and type III interferon IFNλ are gradually emerging as tissue-specific cytokines in defence of mucosal tissues. This review provides an overview of the distinct features and functions that define these IFNs as protective factors in the respiratory, gastrointestinal and reproductive tracts, highlighting their immunoregulatory roles against pathogens while maintaining tolerance against commensal microbes. In particular, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the constitutively expressed IFNε and its role in protecting against mucosal infections, inflammation and cancers. We identify an emerging theme for this unique cytokine as a key contributor to the 'first line of defence' against pathogens and maintenance of mucosal tissue homeostasis, primarily through its regulation of immune cell populations.
非典型的 I 型干扰素 IFNε 和 IFNω 以及 III 型干扰素 IFNλ 逐渐成为防御黏膜组织的组织特异性细胞因子。本综述概述了这些 IFN 的独特特征和功能，将它们定义为呼吸道、胃肠道和生殖道的保护因子，强调了它们在对抗病原体的同时维持对共生微生物的耐受性的免疫调节作用。特别是，我们讨论了我们对组成性表达的 IFNε 及其在保护黏膜感染、炎症和癌症方面的作用的理解的最新进展。我们确定了这种独特细胞因子的一个新主题，即作为对抗病原体和维持黏膜组织动态平衡的“第一道防线”的关键贡献者，主要通过其对免疫细胞群体的调节。
