Parker Jones Oiwi, Geva Sharon, Prejawa Susan, Hope Thomas M H, Oberhuber Marion, Seghier Mohamed L, Green David W, Price Cathy J
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK.
Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Neurobiol Lang (Camb). 2024 Aug 15;5(3):795-817. doi: 10.1162/nol_a_00148. eCollection 2024.
We investigated which parts of the cerebellum are involved in formulating and articulating sentences using (i) a sentence production task that involved describing simple events in pictures; (ii) an auditory sentence repetition task involving the same sentence articulation but not sentence formulation; and (iii) an auditory sentence-to-picture matching task that involved the same pictorial events and no overt articulation. Activation for each of these tasks was compared to the equivalent word processing tasks: noun production, verb production, auditory noun repetition, and auditory noun-to-picture matching. We associate activation in bilateral cerebellum lobule VIIb with sequencing words into sentences because it increased for sentence production compared to all other conditions and was also activated by word production compared to word matching. We associate a paravermal part of right cerebellar lobule VIIIb with overt motor execution of speech, because activation was higher during (i) production and repetition of sentences compared to the corresponding noun conditions and (ii) noun and verb production compared to all matching tasks, with no activation relative to fixation during any silent (nonspeaking) matching task. We associate activation within right cerebellar Crus II with covert articulatory activity because it activated for (i) all speech production more than matching tasks and (ii) sentences compared to nouns during silent (nonspeaking) matching as well as sentence production and sentence repetition. Our study serendipitously segregated, for the first time, three distinct functional roles for the cerebellum in generic speech production, and it demonstrated how sentence production enhanced the demands on these cerebellar regions.
（i）一个句子生成任务，即描述图片中的简单事件；（ii）一个听觉句子重复任务，该任务涉及相同的句子表达但不涉及句子构建；以及（iii）一个听觉句子与图片匹配任务，该任务涉及相同的图片事件且无明显的表达。将这些任务中的每一个的激活情况与等效的单词处理任务进行比较：名词生成、动词生成、听觉名词重复以及听觉名词与图片匹配。我们将双侧小脑小叶VIIb中的激活与将单词排序成句子相关联，因为与所有其他条件相比，句子生成时其激活增加，并且与单词匹配相比，单词生成时也会激活。我们将右小脑小叶VIIIb的旁中央部分与言语的明显运动执行相关联，因为在以下情况下激活更高：（i）与相应的名词条件相比，句子生成和重复期间；（ii）与所有匹配任务相比，名词和动词生成期间，在任何无声（不说话）匹配任务期间相对于注视无激活。我们将右小脑脚II内的激活与隐蔽的发音活动相关联，因为在以下情况下它会激活：（i）所有言语生成比匹配任务更多；（ii）在无声（不说话）匹配以及句子生成和句子重复期间，与名词相比句子的情况。我们的研究首次意外地分离出小脑在一般言语生成中的三种不同功能作用，并展示了句子生成如何增加对这些小脑区域的需求。
