The David J. Apple International Laboratory for Ocular Pathology, Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 23;24(1):363. doi: 10.1186/s12886-024-03553-z.
Clinical evidence suggests an association between phosphate concentrations in aqueous humor and the risk of intraocular lens (IOL) calcification. To test this hypothesis the influence of different phosphate concentrations on IOL calcification was evaluated in an in vitro electrophoresis model.
20 IOLs of two hydrophilic IOL models (CT Spheris 204, Zeiss; Lentis L-313, Oculentis) and one hydrophobic control IOL model (Clareon CNA0T0, Alcon) were exposed to physiologic and elevated phosphate concentrations, similar to diabetic aqueous humor. IOL calcification was analyzed by alizarin red staining, von Kossa staining, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy with electron diffraction.
Higher phosphate concentrations were associated with IOL calcification. Analyses of IOL surfaces and cross-sections documented calcification in no CT Spheris and 4 Lentis IOLs following exposure to 10 mM NaHPO, compared with 7 and 11 positive analyses following exposure to 14 mM NaHPO, respectively. Furthermore, a clear association between IOL calcification and the duration of electrophoresis was demonstrated, confirming increased phosphate concentrations and duration of exposure as risk factors of IOL calcification.
Findings suggest that higher phosphate concentrations in aqueous humor, as seen in diabetic patients, contribute to an increased IOL calcification risk, potentially explaining clinical observations showing an increased risk of IOL calcification in patients with diabetes.
临床证据表明房水中的磷酸盐浓度与人工晶状体（IOL）钙化的风险之间存在关联。为了验证这一假说，本研究在体外电泳模型中评估了不同磷酸盐浓度对 IOL 钙化的影响。
将两种亲水性 IOL 模型（蔡司 CT Spheris 204；欧科伦特斯 Lentis L-313）的 20 个 IOL 和一个疏水性对照 IOL 模型（爱尔康 Clareon CNA0T0）暴露于生理和升高的磷酸盐浓度下，类似于糖尿病性房水。通过茜素红染色、von Kossa 染色、扫描电子显微镜、能谱分析和电子衍射的透射电子显微镜分析 IOL 钙化。
较高的磷酸盐浓度与 IOL 钙化有关。对 IOL 表面和横截面的分析表明，在暴露于 10 mM NaHPO4 后，4 个 Lentis IOL 和 0 个 CT Spheris IOL 发生钙化，而在暴露于 14 mM NaHPO4 后，分别有 7 个和 11 个分析为阳性。此外，还明确了 IOL 钙化与电泳持续时间之间的关联，证实了较高的磷酸盐浓度和暴露时间是 IOL 钙化的危险因素。
这些发现表明，糖尿病患者房水中较高的磷酸盐浓度可能会增加 IOL 钙化的风险，这可以解释临床上观察到的糖尿病患者 IOL 钙化风险增加的现象。
