Zhao Deming, Wen Xin, Wu Jiani, Chen Feihong
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
Transl Oncol. 2024 Nov;49:102086. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102086. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as a promising anticancer approach, owning to its high efficiency and spatiotemporal selectivity. Ample evidence indicated that PDT can trigger immunogenic cell death by releasing antigens that activate immune cells to promote anti-tumor immunity. Nevertheless, the inherent nature of tumors and their complex heterogeneity often limits the efficiency of PDT, which can be overcome with a novel strategy of photo-immunotherapy (PIT) strategy. By exploring the principles of PDT induction and ICD enhancement, combined with other therapies such as chemotherapy or immune checkpoint blockade, the tailored solutions can be designed to address specific challenges of drug resistance, hypoxic conditions, and tumor immunosuppressive microenvironments (TIMEs), which enables targeted enhancement of systemic immunity to address most distant and recurrent cancers. The present article summarizes the specific strategies of PIT and discusses recent existing limitations. More importantly, we anticipate that the perspectives presented herein will help address the clinical translation challenges associated with PIT.
光动力疗法（PDT）因其高效性和时空选择性，被认为是一种很有前景的抗癌方法。大量证据表明，PDT可通过释放激活免疫细胞以促进抗肿瘤免疫的抗原，引发免疫原性细胞死亡。然而，肿瘤的固有性质及其复杂的异质性常常限制了PDT的疗效，而光免疫疗法（PIT）策略这一新颖方法可以克服这一问题。通过探索PDT诱导和免疫原性细胞死亡增强的原理，并结合化疗或免疫检查点阻断等其他疗法，可设计出量身定制的解决方案，以应对耐药性、缺氧条件和肿瘤免疫抑制微环境（TIME）等特定挑战，从而有针对性地增强全身免疫力，以应对最远处和复发性癌症。本文总结了PIT的具体策略，并讨论了当前存在的局限性。更重要的是，我们预计本文提出的观点将有助于应对与PIT相关的临床转化挑战。
