Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
Department of Implant Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 98 XiWu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, People's Republic of China.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Aug 24;24(1):994. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-04679-8.
Bone loss of residual alveolar ridges is a great challenge in the field of dental implantology. Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) is commonly used for bone regeneration, however, it is loose and difficult to handle in clinical practice. Hyaluronic acid (HA) shows viscoelasticity, permeability and excellent biocompatibility. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether high-molecular-weight (MW) HA combined with DBBM could promote new bone formation in rat calvarial critical size defects (CSDs).
Rat calvarial CSDs (5 mm in diameter) were created. Rats (n = 45) were randomly divided into 3 groups: HA-DBBM compound grafting group, DBBM particles only grafting group and no graft group. Defect healing was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and histomorphometry 2, 4 and 8 weeks postop, followed by Micro-CT scanning 8 weeks postop. Statistical analyses were performed by ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.
All rats survived after surgery. Histomorphometric evaluation revealed that at 2, 4 and 8 weeks postop, the percentage of newly formed bone was significantly greater in HA-DBBM compound grafting group than in the other two groups. Consistently, Micro-CT assessment revealed significantly more trabecular bone (BV/TV and Tb.N) in HA-DBBM compound group than in the other two groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Moreover, the trabecular bone was significantly more continuous (Tb.Pf) in HA-DBBM compound group than in the other two groups, respectively (P < 0.05).
HA not only significantly promoted new bone formation in rats calvarial CSDs but also improved the handling ability of DBBM.
残余牙槽嵴骨丢失是口腔种植学领域的一大挑战。脱蛋白牛骨矿物质（DBBM）常用于骨再生，但在临床实践中较为松散，难以处理。透明质酸（HA）具有粘弹性、渗透性和良好的生物相容性。本研究旨在评估高分子量（MW）HA 与 DBBM 联合应用是否能促进大鼠颅骨临界尺寸缺损（CSD）中的新骨形成。
制作大鼠颅骨 CSD（直径 5mm）。大鼠（n=45）随机分为 3 组：HA-DBBM 复合移植物组、DBBM 颗粒单独移植物组和无移植物组。术后 2、4、8 周行苏木精-伊红染色和组织形态计量学评估，术后 8 周行 Micro-CT 扫描。采用方差分析，随后 Tukey 事后检验进行统计学分析，P<0.05 表示有统计学意义。
所有大鼠术后均存活。组织形态计量学评估显示，术后 2、4、8 周，HA-DBBM 复合移植物组新生骨百分比明显大于其他两组。同样，Micro-CT 评估显示，HA-DBBM 复合组的小梁骨（BV/TV 和 Tb.N）明显多于其他两组（P<0.05）。此外，HA-DBBM 复合组的小梁骨更加连续（Tb.Pf），明显优于其他两组（P<0.05）。
HA 不仅显著促进了大鼠颅骨 CSD 中的新骨形成，而且改善了 DBBM 的处理能力。
