Chaiyo Sudkate, Kunpatee Kanjana, Kalcher Kurt, Yakoh Abdulhadee, Pungjunun Kingkan
The Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Center of Excellence for Food and Water Risk Analysis (FAWRA), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
ACS Meas Sci Au. 2024 Apr 15;4(4):432-441. doi: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.4c00012. eCollection 2024 Aug 21.
Portable electrochemical analytical devices such as cholesterol sensors are widely used for disease diagnosis. However, these tools are bulky and require bioreceptors for the specific detection of cholesterol. Herein, a novel 3D electrochemical paper-based analytical device (3D-ePAD) combined with a near-field communication (NFC) potentiostat was developed and applied to the nonenzymatic detection of cholesterol. This 3D-ePAD platform was designed so that all working operations are performed on a single device, which is separated into an origami PAD (oPAD) and an inset PAD (iPAD). β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD), which is immobilized on oPAD, is used as a specific material for the nonenzymatic detection of cholesterol. Through this device, cholesterol detection is integrated with a battery-free NFC potentiostat on a smartphone. The concentration of cholesterol was examined through a [Fe(CN)] current signal as a redox indicator, which was previously stored in the detection part of an iPAD. Under optimal conditions, 3D-ePAD/NFC exhibited a linear detection efficiency of 1-500 μM and a maximum detection limit of 0.3 μM for cholesterol detection. Moreover, the proposed sensor was successfully used to measure cholesterol in real serum samples from humans, and the results were consistent with those of a commercial cholesterol meter. Therefore, the new NFC-operated 3D-ePAD platform can be used as an alternative tool for the nonenzymatic quantification of various biomarkers. In addition, 3D-ePAD/NFC can support the diagnosis of other diseases in the future, as the device is inexpensive, portable, and disposable and functions with low sample volumes.
诸如胆固醇传感器之类的便携式电化学分析设备被广泛用于疾病诊断。然而，这些工具体积庞大，并且需要生物受体来特异性检测胆固醇。在此，开发了一种结合近场通信（NFC）恒电位仪的新型三维纸基电化学分析设备（3D-ePAD），并将其应用于胆固醇的非酶检测。该3D-ePAD平台的设计使得所有工作操作都在单个设备上进行，该设备分为折纸式PAD（oPAD）和嵌入式PAD（iPAD）。固定在oPAD上的β-环糊精（β-CD）用作胆固醇非酶检测的特异性材料。通过该设备，胆固醇检测与智能手机上的无电池NFC恒电位仪集成在一起。通过作为氧化还原指示剂的[Fe(CN)]电流信号检测胆固醇浓度，该信号先前存储在iPAD的检测部分中。在最佳条件下，3D-ePAD/NFC对胆固醇检测表现出1-500μM的线性检测效率和0.3μM的最大检测限。此外，所提出的传感器成功用于测量人类实际血清样本中的胆固醇，结果与商用胆固醇计的结果一致。因此，新型NFC操作的3D-ePAD平台可作为各种生物标志物非酶定量的替代工具。此外，3D-ePAD/NFC未来可支持其他疾病的诊断，因为该设备价格低廉、便于携带且一次性使用，并且在低样本量下即可发挥作用。
